申请人:BASF Aktiengesellschaft
公开号:US05560814A1
公开(公告)日:1996-10-01
Nickel-plated shaped parts are produced by galvanic precipitation of nickel from aqueous-acid baths which contain as essential constituents one or several nickel salts, one or several inorganic acids and one or several brighteners. As brighteners are used thiourea salts having general formula (I), in which R.sup.1 to R.sup.4 stand for hydrogen, C.sub.1 to C.sub.18 -alkyl, which may be substituted by carboxyl groups, C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 -alkoxycarbonyl groups or cyano groups, C.sub.2 to C.sub.12 -alkenyl, C.sub.2 to C.sub.12 -alkinyl, C.sub.5 to C.sub.8 -cycloalkyl, C.sub.7 to C.sub.12 -phenylalkyl or phenyl, which may be substituted by one or two C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 -alkyl residues, C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 -alkoxy residues, halogen atoms, hydroxyl groups, phenyl groups, phenyl residues or C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkoxycarbonyl groups; Y sands for a chemical bond or for linear or branched alkylene, alkenylene or alkinylene having each up to 20 C. atoms; A stands for hydrogen or a group having the formulae: --CO--H, --CO--R.sup.5, --CO--OH, --CO--OR.sup.5, --CO--NR.sup.6 R.sup.7, --CO--CH.sub.2 --CO--OR.sup.5, --O--CO--H, --O--CO--R.sup.5, --NR.sup.6 --CO--R.sup.5, --NR.sup.6 --CO--R.sup.5, --OR.sup.5, --SO.sub.2 --R.sup.5, --SO.sub.2 --OH, --SO.sub.2 --OR.sup.5, --PO(PH).sub.2, --PO(OH)(OR.sup.5), --PO(OR.sup.5).sub.2, OPO(OH).sub.2, --OPO(PH)(PR.sup.5) or --OPO(OR.sup.5).sub.2 in which R.sup.5 stands for C.sub.1 to C.sub.12 -alkyl, C.sub.2 to C.sub.12 -alkenyl, C.sub.2 to C.sub.12 -alkinyl, C.sub.5 to C.sub.8 -cycloalkyl, C.sub.7 to C.sub.12 -phenylalkyl or phenyl, which may be substituted by one or two C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 -alkyl residues, halogen atoms, hydroxyl groups, phenyl residues or C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 -alkoxycarbonyl groups; and R.sup.6 and R.sup.7 stand for hydrogen or C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 -alkyl; n is a number from 1 to 4 and X.sub.(--) stands for s water solubility-promoting, n-valent inorganic or organic anion.
镀镍成形零件是通过从含有一种或多种镍盐、一种或多种无机酸和一种或多种亮化剂的水酸性浴中电沉积镍来生产的。作为亮化剂使用具有通式(I)的硫脲盐,其中R.sup.1至R.sup.4代表氢,C.sub.1至C.sub.18-烷基,可以被羧基取代,C.sub.1至C.sub.4-烷氧羰基基团或氰基,C.sub.2至C.sub.12-烯基,C.sub.2至C.sub.12-炔基,C.sub.5至C.sub.8-环烷基,C.sub.7至C.sub.12-苯基烷基或苯基,这些基团可以被一个或两个C.sub.1至C.sub.4-烷基残基,C.sub.1至C.sub.4-烷氧残基,卤素原子,羟基,苯基,苯基残基或C.sub.1至C.sub.4-烷氧羰基残基取代;Y代表化学键或线性或支链烷基,烯基或炔基,每个具有多达20个C原子;A代表氢或具有以下式的基团:--CO--H,--CO--R.sup.5,--CO--OH,--CO--OR.sup.5,--CO--NR.sup.6R.sup.7,--CO--CH.sub.2--CO--OR.sup.5,--O--CO--H,--O--CO--R.sup.5,--NR.sup.6--CO--R.sup.5,--NR.sup.6--CO--R.sup.5,--OR.sup.5,--SO.sub.2--R.sup.5,--SO.sub.2--OH,--SO.sub.2--OR.sup.5,--PO(PH).sub.2,--PO(OH)(OR.sup.5),--PO(OR.sup.5).sub.2,OPO(OH).sub.2,--OPO(PH)(PR.sup.5)或--OPO(OR.sup.5).sub.2,其中R.sup.5代表C.sub.1至C.sub.12-烷基,C.sub.2至C.sub.12-烯基,C.sub.2至C.sub.12-炔基,C.sub.5至C.sub.8-环烷基,C.sub.7至C.sub.12-苯基烷基或苯基,这些基团可以被一个或两个C.sub.1至C.sub.4-烷基残基,卤素原子,羟基,苯基残基或C.sub.1至C.sub.4-烷氧羰基残基取代;R.sup.6和R.sup.7代表氢或C.sub.1至C.sub.4-烷基;n是从1到4的数字,X.sub.(--)代表水溶性促进剂,n价无机或有机阴离子。