Mapping the Landscape of Potentially Primordial Informational Oligomers: (3′→2′)‐
<scp>D</scp>
‐Phosphoglyceric Acid Linked Acyclic Oligonucleotides Tagged with 2,4‐Disubstituted 5‐Aminopyrimidines as Recognition Elements
作者:Marcos Hernández‐Rodríguez、Jian Xie、Yazmin M. Osornio、Ramanarayanan Krishnamurthy
DOI:10.1002/asia.201000828
日期:2011.5.2
The (3′→2′)‐phosphodiester glyceric acid backbone containing an acyclic oligomertagged with 2,4‐disubstituted pyrimidines as alternative recognitionelements have been synthesized. Strong cross‐pairing of a 2,4‐dioxo‐5‐aminopyrimidine hexamer, rivaling locked nucleic acid (LNA) and peptide nucleic acid (PNA), with complementary adenine‐containing DNA and RNA sequences was observed. The corresponding
A Randomized, Placebo‐Controlled Trial of Granulocyte‐Macrophage Colony‐Stimulating Factor and Nucleoside Analogue Therapy in AIDS
作者:Carlos Brites、Mark J. Gilbert、Diana Pedral‐Sampaio、Fabiana Bahia、Celia Pedroso、Ana Paula Alcantara、Maria das Gracas Sasaki、Junisia Matos、Boris Renjifo、Max Essex、James B. Whitmore、Jan M. Agosti、Roberto Badaro
DOI:10.1086/315901
日期:2000.11
Preliminary preclinical and clinical data suggest that granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) may decrease viral replication. Therefore, 105 individuals with AIDS who were receiving nucleoside analogue therapy were enrolled in a placebo-controlled, doubleblind study and were randomized to receive either 125 µg/m2 of yeast-derived, GM-CSF (sargramostim) or placebo subcutaneously twice weekly for 6 months. Subjects were evaluated for toxicity and disease progression. A significant decrease in mean virus load (VL) was observed for the GM-CSF treatment group at 6 months (−0.07 log10 vs. −0.60 log10; P = .02). More subjects achieved human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)—RNA levels <500 copies/mL at ⩽2 evaluations (2% on placebo vs. 11% on GM-CSF; P = .04). Genotypic analysis of 46 subjects demonstrated a lower frequency of zidovudine-resistant mutations among those receiving GM-CSF (80% vs. 50%; P = .04). No difference was observed in the incidence of opportunistic infections (OIs) through 6 months or survival, despite a higher risk for OI among GM-CSF recipients. GM-CSF reduced VL and limited the evolution of zidovudine-resistant genotypes, potentially providing adjunctive therapy in HIV disease.
初步临床前和临床数据表明,粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(GM-CSF)可减少病毒复制。因此,105 名正在接受核苷类似物治疗的艾滋病患者被纳入安慰剂对照双盲研究,随机接受 125 µg/m2 的酵母衍生 GM-CSF (沙格拉莫司他)或安慰剂,每周两次皮下注射,持续 6 个月。受试者接受毒性和疾病进展评估。6个月后,GM-CSF治疗组的平均病毒载量(VL)明显下降(-0.07 log10 vs. -0.60 log10; P = .02)。更多受试者在⩽2次评估时达到了人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)-RNA水平<500拷贝/毫升(安慰剂组为2%,GM-CSF组为11%;P = .04)。对46名受试者进行的基因型分析表明,接受GM-CSF治疗的受试者出现齐多夫定耐药突变的频率较低(80%对50%;P = .04)。尽管接受GM-CSF治疗的患者发生机会性感染(OI)的风险较高,但在6个月内的发病率或存活率方面未观察到差异。GM-CSF降低了VL,限制了齐多夫定耐药基因型的发展,有可能为HIV疾病提供辅助治疗。
Reconstructive Methodology in the Synthesis of 2-Aminopurine
作者:Artyom O. Neymash、Evgeny N. Ulomsky、Victor V. Fedotov、Semen V. Aminov、Daniil N. Lyapustin、Evgeny B. Gorbunov、Vladislav A. Ishimnikov、Pavel A. Slepukhin、Vladimir L. Rusinov
DOI:10.3390/molecules29010134
日期:——
A fundamentally new synthetic approach to the synthesis of 2-aminopurine has been developed. It consists in the combination of the creation of a condensed polyazotic heterocyclic tetrazolopyrimidine structure, its transformation into triaminopyrimidine, and its subsequent cyclization into 2-aminopurine. The structure of the obtained compounds was established based on spectral characteristics, and the
Mapping the Landscape of Potentially Primordial Informational Oligomers: Oligodipeptides Tagged with 2,4-Disubstituted 5-Aminopyrimidines as Recognition Elements
作者:Gopi Kumar Mittapalli、Yazmin M. Osornio、Miguel A. Guerrero、Kondreddi Ravinder Reddy、Ramanarayanan Krishnamurthy、Albert Eschenmoser
DOI:10.1002/anie.200603209
日期:2007.3.26
Brown, Journal of Applied Chemistry, 1957, vol. 7, p. 109,112