Sonochemical heating profile for solvents and ionic liquid doped solvents, and their application in the N-alkylation of pyrazoles
作者:Clarissa P. Frizzo、Carolini Bacim、Dayse N. Moreira、Leticia V. Rodrigues、Geórgia C. Zimmer、Hélio G. Bonacorso、Nilo Zanatta、Marcos A.P. Martins
DOI:10.1016/j.ultsonch.2016.03.014
日期:2016.9
effect of doping in solvents with low Up, [BMIM][BF4], DMSO, and DMF were selected. The conversions for toluene doped with [BMIM][BF4], DMSO, and DMF were 100%, 59%, and 25%, respectively. These conversions were greater than when done in just toluene (46%). Thus, [BMIM][BF4] was the best polar doping solvent, followed by DMSO. DMF was not considered to be a satisfactory doping solvent. No conversion was
在超声探头设备中确定25种溶剂的加热曲线,振幅为20%,25%和30%。每种溶剂根据其沸点加热。评估了蒸汽压,表面张力和溶剂粘度在耗散的超声功率(Up)中的影响。这些溶剂特性和耗散Up的多元回归分析表明,溶剂粘度是影响最大的耗散Up的特性。涉及掺有[BMIM] [BF4]的乙腈的实验表明,加热速度比MeCN快。在超声条件下,在吡唑的N-烷基化反应中测试了非质子极性溶剂(例如DMSO,DMF和MeCN)。在90℃下5分钟后,反应物已在这些溶剂中完全转化为产物。测试了具有低耗散Up的溶剂(例如甲苯)。与非质子极性溶剂相比,转化率较低。当反应在己烷中进行时,未观察到转化成产物。为了检查在低Up溶剂中掺杂的效果,选择了[BMIM] [BF4],DMSO和DMF。掺杂有[BMIM] [BF4],DMSO和DMF的甲苯的转化率分别为100%,59%和25%。这些转化率要比仅使用甲苯时的转化率高(46%)。因此,[BMIM]