Selective Inhibitors of Monoamine Oxidase. 2. Arylamide SAR
摘要:
Monoamine oxidase (MAO) exists in two forms distinguishable by substrate specificity. Inhibition of MAO A is believed to be responsible for the antidepressant activity of MAO inhibitors. A group of N-arylacetamides are highly specific inhibitors of MAO A, some with IC50 values in the 10-100 nM range. The requirements for high activity and specificity include a nearly linear tricyclic aromatic portion but a larger and a smaller central ring component. The amide group, which is best acetamido, is optimally placed para to the smaller central group. The size and shape of the aromatic moiety appear to be the major influence on activity and specificity for MAO A.
Unusual oxidative dehydration of vic-[alkyl(aryl)thio]-substituted aromatic (heteroaromatic) carboxamides
作者:P. G. Kislitsyn、F. A. Kucherov、L. N. Chukhrov、S. G. Zlotin、Z. A. Starikova、F. M. Dolgushin
DOI:10.1023/b:rucb.0000037864.52793.92
日期:2004.4
A new procedure was developed for the synthesis of nitriles of vic-[alkyl(aryl)sulfonyl] derivatives of benzoic, anthraquinonecarboxylic, and 4-isothiazolecarboxylic acids by the reactions of the corresponding vic-[alkyl(aryl)thio]-substituted aromatic (heteroaromatic) carboxamides with chlorine in organic solvents containing 20—65% of water. Oxidative dehydration of 1-(butylthio)anthraquinone-2-carboxamide
通过相应的 vic-[烷基(芳基)硫代]-取代芳烃的反应,开发了一种新的方法来合成苯甲酸、蒽醌羧酸和 4-异噻唑羧酸的 vic-[烷基(芳基)磺酰基]衍生物的腈类(杂芳族)甲酰胺与氯在含有 20-65% 水的有机溶剂中。1-(丁硫基)蒽醌-2-甲酰胺氧化脱水得到1-丁基-6,11-二氢-3H-1λ4-蒽[2,1-d]异噻唑-3,6,11-三酮1-氧化物副产品。后者的结构是通过 X 射线衍射分析确定的。提出了涉及形成 S-氯锍氯化物然后水解的反应方案。
Efficient Discovery of Potent Anti-HIV Agents Targeting the Tyr181Cys Variant of HIV Reverse Transcriptase
作者:William L. Jorgensen、Mariela Bollini、Vinay V. Thakur、Robert A. Domaoal、Krasimir A. Spasov、Karen S. Anderson
DOI:10.1021/ja2058583
日期:2011.10.5
Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) that interfere with the replication of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are being pursued with guidance from molecular modeling including free-energy perturbation (FEP) calculations for protein inhibitor binding affinities. The previously reported pyrimidinylphenylamine 1 and its chloro analogue 2 are potent anti-HIV agents; they inhibit replication of wild-type HIV-1 in infected human T-cells with EC50 values of 2 and 10 nM, respectively. However, they show no activity against viral strains containing the Tyr181Cys (Y181C) mutation in HIV-RT. Modeling indicates that the problem is likely associated with extensive interaction between the dimethylallyloxy substituent and Tyr181. As an alternative, a phenoxy group is computed to be oriented in a manner diminishing the contact with Tyr181. However, this replacement leads to a roughly 1000-fold loss of activity for 3 (2.5 mu M). The present report details the efficient, computationally driven evolution of 3 to novel NNRTIs with sub-10 nM potency toward both wild-type HIV-1 and Y181C-containing variants. The critical contributors were FEP substituent scans for the phenoxy and pyrimidine rings and recognition of potential benefits of addition of a cyanovinyl group to the phenoxy ring.
Harfenist Morton, Joyner Charles T., Mize Patrick D., White Helen L., J. Med. Chem, 37 (1994) N 13, S 2085-2089
作者:Harfenist Morton, Joyner Charles T., Mize Patrick D., White Helen L.