Radical Addition of Perfluoroalkyl Iodides to Alkenes and Alkynes Initiated by Sodium Dithionite in an Aqueous Solution in the Presence of a Novel Fluorosurfactant
fluoroalkylation to occur in the water without adding organic solvent. The addition of perfluoroalkyliodides with olefins and alkynes under the initiation of Na2S2O4 in water in the presence of the fluorosurfactant gave the corresponding adducts in good to excellent yields. The fluorosurfactant was suitable for a radical addition process.
制备并表征了一种新型的氟化阴离子表面活性剂Cl(CF 2)6 O(CF 2)2 SO 3 N(C 2 H 5)4。含氟表面活性剂的应用使氟烷基化在水中发生而无需添加有机溶剂。在含氟表面活性剂的存在下,在水中在Na 2 S 2 O 4的引发下,将全氟烷基碘化物与烯烃和炔烃加成,得到相应的加合物,收率良好或优异。含氟表面活性剂适用于自由基加成过程。
Metal-Free Iodoperfluoroalkylation: Photocatalysis versus Frustrated Lewis Pair Catalysis
作者:Constantin Czekelius、Lucas Helmecke、Michael Spittler、Bernd M. Schmidt
DOI:10.1055/s-0040-1707232
日期:2021.1
Professor Rolf Huisgen Abstract A comparison of two catalytic, metal-free iodoperfluoroalkylation protocols is presented. FrustratedLewispairs [ t Bu3P/B(C6F5)3] or phosphines/phosphites under visible light irradiation efficiently mediate the functionalization of non-activated alkenes and alkynes. A comprehensive account of the corresponding substrate scopes as well as insights into the mechanistic details
纪念Rolf Huisgen教授 抽象 比较了两种催化的,无金属的碘代氟烷基化方案。沮丧的路易斯对[ t Bu 3 P / B(C 6 F 5)3 ]或膦/亚磷酸盐在可见光辐射下有效地介导了未活化的烯烃和炔烃的官能化。提供了对相应底物范围的全面介绍,以及对两种反应途径的机理细节的见解。
Simple Synthesis of Fluorinated Ene-Ynes via In Situ Generation of Allenes
作者:Ellen M. Sletten、Joseph A. Jaye
DOI:10.1055/s-0037-1610774
日期:2021.11
Fluorination of small molecules is a key route toward modulating reactivity and bioactivity. The 1,3 ene-yne functionality is an important synthon towards complex products, as well as a common functionality in biologically active molecules. Here, we present a new synthetic route towards fluorinated ene-ynes from simple starting materials. We employ gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis to probe
Treatment of per- or polyfluoroalkylated vinyl iodides 5 with 2 equiv. of n-BuLi in THF produced the corresponding lithium acetylides in situ, which were transformed into zinc acetylides by the addition of ZnCl2.TMEDA complex into the reaction mixture. The in situ generated zinc acetylides were exposed to the cross-coupling conditions such as ArI/cat. Pd(PPh3)(4), reflux, 6-12 h, giving rise to the desired per- or polyfluoroalkylated acetylenes in high yields. In the case of trifluoromethylated acetylene, commercially available 2-bromo-3,3,3-trifluoropropene 6 could also be used instead of 5 as the starting material. In the acetylenes having a fluoroalkyl group and an aliphatic side chain, vinyl iodides 7, prepared by radical addition of perfluoroalkyl iodide to terminal acetylenes, were treated with t-BuOK at room temperature or at the reflux temperature of benzene, affording the desired compounds in good yields. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Iron-Catalyzed 1,2-Addition of Perfluoroalkyl Iodides to Alkynes and Alkenes
作者:Tao Xu、Chi Wai Cheung、Xile Hu
DOI:10.1002/anie.201402511
日期:2014.5.5
Iron catalysis has been developed for the intermolecular 1,2‐addition of perfluoroalkyliodides to alkynes and alkenes. The catalysis has a wide substrate scope and high functional‐group tolerance. A variety of perfluoroalkyliodides including CF3I can be employed. The resulting perfluoroalkylated alkyl and alkenyl iodides can be further functionalized by cross‐coupling reactions. This methodology