N,N-二丙基硝酰胺 | 4164-29-8

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机1,3-偶极化合物 - 烯丙基型1,3-偶极有机化合物
• 中文名称: N,N-二丙基硝酰胺
• 英文名称: dipropylnitramine
• 英文别名: Dipropylamine, N-nitro-；N,N-dipropylnitramide
• CAS: 4164-29-8
• 化学式: C₆H₁₄N₂O₂
• 分子量: 146.189
• InChiKey: ZUNKPQMZTMJVOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  2.4
• 重原子数：
  10
• 可旋转键数：
  4
• 环数：
  0.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  1.0
• 拓扑面积：
  49.1
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  3

安全信息

• 海关编码：
  2928000090

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  N,N-二丙基硝酰胺 以 异辛烷 为溶剂， 生成 N-亚硝基二正丙胺
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Mechanisms of Nitramine Thermolysis

  摘要：

  The thermal decomposition of a number of nitramines was studied in dilute solution and in the melt, The nitramines included acyclic mononitramines [dimethylnitramine (DMN), diethylnitramine (DEN), dipropylnitramine (DPN), and diisopropylnitramine (DIPN)], cyclic mononitramines [N-nitropiperidine (NPIP) and N-nitropyrrolidine (NPyr)], cyclic dinitramines [N-dinitropiperazine (pDNP), 1,3-dinitro-1,3-diazacyclopentane (DNI), and 1,3-dinitro-1,3-diazacyclohexane (mDNP)], and 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazocyclohexane (RDX), octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX), hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (HNIW), and 1,3,3-trinitroazetidine (TNAZ). For the acyclic and cyclic mono- and dinitramines, the corresponding nitrosamines were the only or major condensed-phase product. Kinetics and activation parameters were determined for the thermolysis of dilute solutions (0.01-1.0 wt %) over the range 200-300 degrees C. The thermolyses were found to be first-order with the rate constants unaffected by the use of deuterated solvent. As the nitramines became more complex than dimethylnitramine (DMN), the rate of decomposition increased and the product distribution became more complex. As the length of the aliphatic chain increased (DMN < DEN < DPN), the rate of thermolysis increased, yet nitrosamine remained the only observed condensed-phase product. When a secondary carbon was attached to the N-nitramine (DIPN) rather than the primary (DPN), the rate of decomposition increased and a new condensed-phase product was observed. Among the cyclic nitramines, the rate of decomposition increased as the number of NNO2 groups increased (NPIP < pDNP; NPyr < DNI; mDMP < RDX). The position of the nitramine groups affected the decomposition: meta NNO2 groups (mDNP) decomposed faster than para (pDNP). Ring strain decreased stability: mDNP < DNI; HMX < RDX. In complex nitramines, the increase in decomposition rate, the appearance of new products, and the change in the relative importance of nitrosamine and of N-2 and N2O are attributed to new decomposition routes available to them. However, since complex nitramines (e.g. RDX) maintain first-order kinetics and since most have activation energies in the range of 40-50 kcal/mol, it is believed that the triggering mechanism remains N-NO2 homolysis. Intramolecular hydrogen transfer is also considered an important mode of nitramine decomposition.

  DOI：

  10.1021/j100079a019
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  N,N-二正丙基甲酰胺 在 硝酸 、 三氟乙酸酐 作用下， 生成 N,N-二丙基硝酰胺
  参考文献：
  名称：

  The Nitrolysis of N,N-Dialkylformamides

  摘要：

  DOI：

  10.1021/ja01606a034

文献信息

• Synthesis of N,N-dialkylnitramines from secondary ammonium nitrates in liquid or supercritical carbon dioxide
  作者：I. V. Kuchurov、I. V. Fomenkov、S. G. Zlotin

  DOI：10.1007/s11172-009-0282-1

  日期：2009.10

  An efficient explosion-proof method was developed for the preparation of N,N-dialkylnitramines by treatment of dialkylammonium nitrates with a mixture of nitric acid and acetic anhydride in the presence of ZnCl2 in liduid or supercritical carbon dioxide.

  开发了一种有效的防爆方法，通过在液态或超临界二氧化碳中在 ZnCl2 存在下用硝酸和乙酸酐的混合物处理二烷基硝酸铵来制备 N,N-二烷基硝胺。
• Peroxytrifluoroacetic Acid. II. The Oxidation of Anilines to Nitrobenzenes¹
  作者：William D. Emmons

  DOI：10.1021/ja01642a030

  日期：1954.7
• Alkaline Nitration. I. The Nitration of Amines with Cyanohydrin Nitrates¹
  作者：William D. Emmons、Jeremiah P. Freeman

  DOI：10.1021/ja01621a059

  日期：1955.8
• Masui, Masaichiro; Nose, Koichi; Terauchi, Satomi, Chemical and pharmaceutical bulletin, 1985, vol. 33, # 7, p. 2721 - 2730
  作者：Masui, Masaichiro、Nose, Koichi、Terauchi, Satomi、Yamakawa, Eiko、Jeong, Jisook、at al.

  DOI：——

  日期：——
• The Reaction of Dialkylcarbamyl Chlorides with Silver Nitrate¹
  作者：William P. Norris

  DOI：10.1021/ja01522a047

  日期：1959.7

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