Transformation of Arctiin to Estrogenic and Antiestrogenic Substances by Human Intestinal Bacteria.
作者:Li-Hua Xie、Eun-Mi Ahn、Teruaki Akao、Atef Abdel-Monem Abdel-Hafez、Norio Nakamura、Masao Hattori
DOI:10.1248/cpb.51.378
日期:——
After anaerobic incubation of arctiin (1) from the seeds of Arctium lappa with a human fecal suspension, six metabolites were formed, and their structures were identified as (−)-arctigenin (2), (2R,3R)-2-(3′,4′-dihydroxybenzyl)-3-(3″,4″-dimethoxybenzyl)butyrolactone (3), (2R,3R)-2-(3′-hydroxybenzyl)-3-(3″,4″-dimethoxybenzyl)butyrolactone (4), (2R,3R)-2-(3′-hydroxybenzyl)-3-(3″-hydroxy-4″-methoxybenzyl)butyrolactone (5), (2R,3R)-2-(3′-hydroxybenzyl)-3-(3″,4″-dihydroxybenzyl)butyrolactone (6), and (−)-enterolactone (7) by various spectroscopic means including two dimensional (2D)-NMR, mass spectrometry, and circular dichroism. A possible metabolic pathway was proposed on the basis of their structures and the time course of the transformation. Enterolactones obtained from the biotransformation of arctiin and secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG, from the seeds of Linum usitatissium) by human intestinal bacteria were proved to be enantiomers, with the (−)-(2R,3R) and (+)-(2S,3S) configurations, respectively. Compound 6 showed the most potent proliferative effect on the growth of MCF-7 human breast cancer cells in culture among 1 and six metabolites, while it showed inhibitory activity on estradiol-mediated proliferation of MCF-7 cells at a concentration of 10 μM. These results indicate that the transformation of 1 by intestinal flora might be essential for the manifestation of the estrogenic and antiestrogenic activity of 1.
将从蒡子中提取的 arctiin(1)与人类粪便悬浮液进行厌氧培养后,产生了六种代谢物、它们的结构被鉴定为(-)-旱芹甙元(2)、(2R,3R)-2-(3′,4′-二羟基苄基)-3-(3″,4″-二甲氧基苄基)丁内酯(3)、(2R,3R)-2-(3′-羟基苄基)-3-(3″、4″-二甲氧基苄基)丁内酯 (4),(2R,3R)-2-(3′-羟基苄基)-3-(3″-羟基-4″-甲氧基苄基)丁内酯 (5),(2R,3R)-2-(3′-羟基苄基)-3-(3″、4″-二羟基苄基)丁内酯 (6) 和 (-)- 肠内酯 (7)。根据它们的结构和转化的时间过程,提出了一种可能的代谢途径。经人体肠道细菌对 arctiin 和 secoisolariciresinol diglucoside(SDG,来自 Linum usitatissium 的种子)进行生物转化后得到的肠内酯被证明是对映体,分别具有 (-)-(2R,3R) 和 (+)-(2S,3S) 构型。在 1 和 6 个代谢物中,化合物 6 对 MCF-7 人乳腺癌细胞的增殖作用最强,而在 10 μ<小>M小>浓度下,它对雌二醇介导的 MCF-7 细胞增殖具有抑制活性。这些结果表明,肠道菌群对 1 的转化可能是 1 显示雌激素和抗雌激素活性的关键。