Photoreactions of isoindoline-1-thiones with alkenes: unusual formation of tricyclic isoindolines
摘要:
Photochemical cycloaddition reactions of cyclic thioamides and alkenes have been examined. Irradiation of 2-arylisoindoline-1-thiones 1 in the presence of alkenes 2 gave the unexpected tricyclic isoindolines 3-18. The formation of tricyclic isoindolines can best be explained in terms of the intermediacy of aminospirothietane 27, formed by [2 + 2] photocycloaddition of the C=S double bond of 1 to the C=C double bond of 2. Ring cleavage of the resultant amino thietane, assisted by the participation of the nitrogen lone-pair electrons, produced zwitterions 28 and 29 or 1-mercaptoethylisoindole (30). Subsequent nucleophilic attack of the thiol anion on the iminium carbon of 29 or attack of the thiol group on C-3 of 30 gave the final products. Irradiation of isobenzofuran-1-thione (22) and isobenzothiophene-l-thione (23) in the presence of tetramethylethylene (2a) gave the corresponding spirothietanes 24 and 25.
Photoreactions of isoindoline-1-thiones with alkenes: unusual formation of tricyclic isoindolines
作者:Takehiko Nishio、Norikazu Okuda
DOI:10.1021/jo00040a049
日期:1992.7
Photochemical cycloaddition reactions of cyclic thioamides and alkenes have been examined. Irradiation of 2-arylisoindoline-1-thiones 1 in the presence of alkenes 2 gave the unexpected tricyclic isoindolines 3-18. The formation of tricyclic isoindolines can best be explained in terms of the intermediacy of aminospirothietane 27, formed by [2 + 2] photocycloaddition of the C=S double bond of 1 to the C=C double bond of 2. Ring cleavage of the resultant amino thietane, assisted by the participation of the nitrogen lone-pair electrons, produced zwitterions 28 and 29 or 1-mercaptoethylisoindole (30). Subsequent nucleophilic attack of the thiol anion on the iminium carbon of 29 or attack of the thiol group on C-3 of 30 gave the final products. Irradiation of isobenzofuran-1-thione (22) and isobenzothiophene-l-thione (23) in the presence of tetramethylethylene (2a) gave the corresponding spirothietanes 24 and 25.
Nishio, Takehiko, Journal of the Chemical Society. Perkin transactions I, 1995, # 5, p. 561 - 568