Imidazolines substituted in the 2-position are obtained by condensing N : N1-ethyleneurea, or an N : N1-ethyleneurea substituted at a carbon atom by a hydrocarbon radicle, with a monocarboxylic acid other than formic acid, the reaction occurring with elimination of water and carbon dioxide. In a typical example, N : N1-ethyleneurea and oleic acid, heated to 280-300 DEG C., yield 2-heptadecenyl-imidazoline. Examples are given also of the manufacture of imidazolines from N : N1-ethyleneurea and stearic acid, palmitic acid, benzoic acid, butyric acid, a - and b -naphthoic acids, diphenyl-4-carboxylic acid, carbazole-2-carboxylic acid, and an acid (molecular weight 238) obtained by the oxidation of paraffin. In a further example, N : N1-propylene urea is heated with benzoic acid to yield a mixture of 4- and 5-methyl-2-phenylimidazolines. Carbazole-2-carboxylic acid is obtainable by fusing 2-chloracetyl-N-acetylcarbazole with caustic potash.
在2-位置取代的咪唑啉可通过将N:N1-乙烯脲或在碳原子上被烃基取代的N:N1-乙烯脲与除甲酸以外的一种单羧酸缩合而得到,反应发生时会排除水和二氧化碳。在一个典型的例子中,将N:N1-乙烯脲和油酸加热至280-300摄氏度,会生成2-十七碳烯基咪唑啉。还提供了从N:N1-乙烯脲和硬脂酸、棕榈酸、苯甲酸、丁酸、α-和β-萘甲酸、二苯基-4-羧酸、咔唑-2-羧酸以及通过对烷烃氧化得到的一种酸(分子量为238)制备咪唑啉的示例。另外,将N:N1-丙烯脲与苯甲酸加热可得到4-和5-甲基-2-苯基咪唑啉的混合物。咔唑-2-羧酸可通过将2-氯乙酰-N-乙酰咔唑与氢氧化钾熔融得到。