3-iodo-5-phenylisothiazole-4-carbonitrile | 915395-62-9

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物
• 英文名称: 3-iodo-5-phenylisothiazole-4-carbonitrile
• 英文别名: 3-Iodo-5-phenyl-1,2-thiazole-4-carbonitrile
• CAS: 915395-62-9
• 化学式: C₁₀H₅IN₂S
• 分子量: 312.134
• InChiKey: XQLLZPBDWXAPTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N

物化性质

• 熔点：
  123.5-124.5 °C(Solv: cyclohexane (110-82-7))
• 沸点：
  343.6±42.0 °C(Predicted)
• 密度：
  1.91±0.1 g/cm3(Predicted)

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  3.1
• 重原子数：
  14
• 可旋转键数：
  1
• 环数：
  2.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.0
• 拓扑面积：
  64.9
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  3

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  3-iodo-5-phenylisothiazole-4-carbonitrile 在 palladium diacetate 作用下， 以 N,N-二甲基甲酰胺 为溶剂， 反应 16.5h， 以76%的产率得到5,5'-diphenyl-3,3'-biisothiazole-4,4'-dicarbonitrile
  参考文献：
  名称：

  New regiospecific isothiazole C–C coupling chemistry

  摘要：

  区域选择性钯催化的偶联反应以良好至高产率实现，从3,5-二氯或3,5-二溴异噻唑-4-腈1和2出发，通过Stille偶联反应得到3-卤代-5-(杂/芳基、烯基和炔基)异噻唑3、4、6–9，通过Sonogashira反应得到3-卤代-5-(杂/芳基炔基)异噻唑14–19，以及通过Ullmann型偶联反应得到5,5'-二(3-氯异噻唑-4-腈)13。3,5-二溴异噻唑-4-腈2比3,5-二氯异噻唑-4-腈1更具反应活性，足以有效进行Stille、Negishi和Sonogashira偶联反应。5,5-二(3-氯异噻唑-4-腈)13通过钯催化的Ullmann偶联反应由3-氯-5-碘异噻唑-4-腈11制备。多种3-取代异噻唑（3-取代基=Cl、Br、OMs、OTs和OTf）反应活性较低，未能成功在异噻唑C-3位置进行Suzuki偶联反应。通过Sandmeyer碘化法制备的3-碘-5-苯基异噻唑-4-腈28成功参与了Suzuki、Ullmann型、Stille、Negishi和Sonogashira偶联反应。所有产物均经过充分表征。

  DOI：

  10.1039/b607442a
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  3-amino-5-phenylisothiazole-4-carbonitrile 在 碘 、 亚硝酸异戊酯 作用下， 以 乙腈 为溶剂， 反应 0.5h， 以85%的产率得到3-iodo-5-phenylisothiazole-4-carbonitrile
  参考文献：
  名称：

  New regiospecific isothiazole C–C coupling chemistry

  摘要：

  区域选择性钯催化的偶联反应以良好至高产率实现，从3,5-二氯或3,5-二溴异噻唑-4-腈1和2出发，通过Stille偶联反应得到3-卤代-5-(杂/芳基、烯基和炔基)异噻唑3、4、6–9，通过Sonogashira反应得到3-卤代-5-(杂/芳基炔基)异噻唑14–19，以及通过Ullmann型偶联反应得到5,5'-二(3-氯异噻唑-4-腈)13。3,5-二溴异噻唑-4-腈2比3,5-二氯异噻唑-4-腈1更具反应活性，足以有效进行Stille、Negishi和Sonogashira偶联反应。5,5-二(3-氯异噻唑-4-腈)13通过钯催化的Ullmann偶联反应由3-氯-5-碘异噻唑-4-腈11制备。多种3-取代异噻唑（3-取代基=Cl、Br、OMs、OTs和OTf）反应活性较低，未能成功在异噻唑C-3位置进行Suzuki偶联反应。通过Sandmeyer碘化法制备的3-碘-5-苯基异噻唑-4-腈28成功参与了Suzuki、Ullmann型、Stille、Negishi和Sonogashira偶联反应。所有产物均经过充分表征。

  DOI：

  10.1039/b607442a

文献信息

• 3,4,5-Triarylisothiazoles via C–C coupling chemistry
  作者：Irene C. Christoforou、Panayiotis A. Koutentis

  DOI：10.1039/b702154b

  日期：——

  The regiocontrolled preparation of triarylisothiazoles is presented. 3-Halo-5-phenylisothiazole-4-carbonitriles, 1 (hal = Cl) and 18 (hal = I), are converted into the corresponding 4-bromo derivatives 5 (3-hal = Cl) and 24 (3-hal = I) via a Hunsdiecker strategy while the 4-iodo analogues 7 (3-hal = Cl) and 22 (3-hal = I) are prepared via a Hoffmann and Sandmeyer strategy. Regioselective Suzuki, Stille and Negishi reactions occur at C-4 with both the 4-bromo- and 4-iodoisothiazoles 5 and 7, the latter being more reactive than the former. 3-Iodoisothiazoles 22 and 24 fail to give regiocontrolled Suzuki, Stille or Negishi couplings, however, 4-bromo-3-iodo-5-phenylisothiazole24 gives the regiospecific palladium catalysed Ullmann-type reaction product 3,3′-bi(4-bromo-5-phenylisothiazole)25. Alkali hydrolysis of 3-chloro-4,5-diphenylisothiazole8 gives the 3-hydroxy analogue 12 which is converted into 3-bromo-4,5-diphenylisothiazole13 with POBr3. 3-Bromoisothiazole13 reacts with phenylzinc chloride to give 3,4,5-triphenylisothiazole17 but fails to undergo effective Suzuki or Stille couplings. 3,5-Diphenylisothiazole-4-carbonitrile26 is converted into the 4-bromo- and 4-iodo-3,5-diphenylisothiazoles 30 and 34 both of which are effective for Suzuki and Stille couplings. A series of triarylisothiazoles are prepared in this manner and fully characterised.

  本文介绍了三芳基异噻唑的区域控制制备方法。3-卤-5-苯基异噻唑-4-氰化物（1（卤=Cl）和18（卤=I））通过Hunsdiecker策略转化为相应的4-溴衍生物（5（3-卤=Cl）和24（3-卤=I）），而4-碘类似物（7（3-卤=Cl）和22（3-卤=I））则通过Hoffmann和Sandmeyer策略制备。区域选择性的Suzuki、Stille和Negishi反应在C-4位进行，无论是4-溴还是4-碘异噻唑（5和7），后者比前者更具反应活性。然而，3-碘异噻唑（22和24）未能给出区域控制的Suzuki、Stille或Negishi耦合反应，但4-溴-3-碘-5-苯基异噻唑24给出了区域特异性的钯催化Ullmann型反应产物3,3′-双（4-溴-5-苯基异噻唑）25。3-氯-4,5-二苯基异噻唑8的碱水解得到3-羟基类似物12，该物质与POBr3反应转化为3-溴-4,5-二苯基异噻唑13。3-溴异噻唑13与苯基锌氯反应得到3,4,5-三苯基异噻唑17，但未能进行有效的Suzuki或Stille耦合反应。3,5-二苯基异噻唑-4-氰化物26转化为4-溴和4-碘-3,5-二苯基异噻唑30和34，两者均能有效进行Suzuki和Stille耦合反应。通过这种方法制备了一系列三芳基异噻唑并进行了完全表征。
• The conversion of isothiazoles into pyrazoles using hydrazine
  作者：Heraklidia A. Ioannidou、Panayiotis A. Koutentis

  DOI：10.1016/j.tet.2009.06.041

  日期：2009.8

  The conversion of isothiazoles into pyrazoles on treatment with hydrazine is investigated. The influence of various C-3, C-4 and C-5 isothiazole substituents and some limitations of this ring transformation are examined. When the isothiazole C-3 substituent is a good nucleofuge, 3-aminopyrazoles are obtained. However, when the 3-substituent is not a leaving group it is retained in the pyrazole product. Treatment of 4-bromo-3-chloro-5-phenylisothiazoie 56 or 3-chloro-4,5-diphenylisothiazole 57 with anhydrous hydrazine at ca. 200 degrees C for a few minutes gives the corresponding 3-hydrazinoisothiazoles 61 and 64 respectively in high yields; the stability of these new hydrazines is investigated. 5,5'-Diphenyl-3,3'-biisothiazole-4,4'-dicarbonitrile 78 reacts with hydrazine to give 5,5'-diphenyl-3,3'-bi(1H-pyi-azole)-4,4'-dicarbonitrile 79. Methylhydrazine reacts with 3-chloro-5-phenytisothiazole-4-carbonitrile 1 to give 3-(1-methylhydrazino)-5-phenylisothiazole-4-carbontrile 83 and 3-amino-lmethyl-5-phenylpyrazole-4-carbonitrile 84. All products are fully characterised and rational mechanisms for the isothiazole into pyrazole transformation are proposed. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.