The application of phosphoramidate ProTide technology to the potent anti-HCV compound 4′-azidocytidine (R1479)
摘要:
We report the design, synthesis and evaluation of a family of ca 50 phosphoramidate ProTides of the potent anti-HCV compound 4 '-azidocytidine (R1479), with variation on the ester, amino acid and aryl moiety of the ProTide. Sub-mu M inhibitors of HCV emerge. The compounds are all non-cytotoxic in the replicon assay. We herein report detailed SARs for each of the regions of the ProTide. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Targeting GNE Myopathy: A Dual Prodrug Approach for the Delivery of N-Acetylmannosamine 6-Phosphate
摘要:
ProTides comprise an important class of prodrugs currently marketed and developed as antiviral and anticancer therapies. The ProTide technology employs phosphate masking groups capable of providing more favorable druglike properties and an intracellular activation mechanism for enzyme-mediated release of a nucleoside monophosphate. Herein, we describe the application of phosphoramidate chemistry to 1,3,4-O-acetylated N-acetylmannosamine (Ac(3)ManNAc) to deliver ManNAc-6-phosphate (ManNAc-6-P), a critical intermediate in sialic acid biosynthesis. Sialic acid deficiency is a hallmark of GNE myopathy, a rare congenital disorder of glycosylation (CDG) caused by mutations in GNE that limit the production of ManNAc-6-P. Synthetic methods were developed to provide a library of Ac(3)ManNAc-6-phosphoramidates that were evaluated in a series of studies for their potential as a treatment for GNE myopathy. Prodrug 12b showed rapid activation in a carboxylesterase (CPY) enzymatic assay and favorable ADME properties, while also being more effective than ManNAc at increasing sialic acid levels in GNE-deficient cell lines. These results provide a potential platform to address substrate deficiencies in GNE myopathy and other CDGs.