biliverdin IXα 12-monoamide

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机杂环化合物 - 四吡咯及其衍生物
• 英文名称: biliverdin IXα 12-monoamide
• 化学式: C₃₃H₃₅N₅O₅
• 分子量: 581.671
• InChiKey: OHSAKVWAUFHTEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  4.21
• 重原子数：
  43.0
• 可旋转键数：
  11.0
• 环数：
  4.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.24
• 拓扑面积：
  166.74
• 氢给体数：
  5.0
• 氢受体数：
  5.0

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  biliverdin IXα 12-monoamide 在 葡萄糖 、 Anabaena sp. PCC 7120 phycocyanobilin:ferredoxin oxidoreductase glutathione S-transferase fusion protein 、 ferredoxin-NADP+ reductase 、 recombinant Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002 ferredoxin 、 烟酰胺腺嘌呤双核苷酸磷酸盐 、 bovine serum albumin 、 catalase 、 glucose oxidase 作用下， 反应 0.5h， 生成 phycocyanobilin 12-monoamide
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Biliverdin Amides Reveal Roles for Propionate Side Chains in Bilin Reductase Recognition and in Holophytochrome Assembly and Photoconversion

  摘要：

  Linear tetrapyrroles (bilins) perform important antioxidant and light-harvesting functions in cells from bacteria to humans. To explore the role of the propionate moieties in bilin metabolism, we report the semisynthesis of mono- and diamides of biliverdin IX alpha and those of its non-natural XIII alpha isomer. Initially, these were examined as substrates of two types of NADPH-dependent biliverdin reductase, BVR and BvdR, and of the representative ferredoxin-dependent bilin reductase, phycocyanobilin:ferredoxin oxidoreductase (PcyA). Our studies indicate that the NADPH-dependent biliverdin reductases are less accommodating to amidation of the propionic acid side chains of biliverdin IX alpha than PcyA, which does not require free carboxylic acid side chains to yield its phytobilin product, phycocyanobilin. Bilin amides were also assembled with BV-type and phytobilin-type apophytochromes, demonstrating a role for the 8-propionate in the formation of the spectroscopically native P-r dark states of these biliprotein photosensors. Neither ionizable propionate side chain proved to be essential to primary photoisomerization for both classes of phytochromes, but an unsubstituted 12-propionate was required for full photointerconversion of phytobilin-type phytochrome Cph1. Taken together, these studies provide insight into the roles of the ionizable propionate side chains in substrate discrimination by two bilin reductase families while further underscoring the mechanistic differences between the photoconversions of BV-type and phytobilin-type phytochromes.

  DOI：

  10.1021/bi100756x
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  bilirubin IXα 在 盐酸 、 bilirubin XIIIα dimethyl ester 、 1-羟基苯并三唑 、 O-(1H-benzotriazol-1-yl)-N,N,N',N'-tetramethyluronium hexafluorophosphate 、 N,N-二异丙基乙胺 作用下， 以 水 、 二甲基亚砜 、 N,N-二甲基甲酰胺 为溶剂， 反应 0.08h， 生成 biliverdin IXα 12-monoamide
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Biliverdin Amides Reveal Roles for Propionate Side Chains in Bilin Reductase Recognition and in Holophytochrome Assembly and Photoconversion

  摘要：

  Linear tetrapyrroles (bilins) perform important antioxidant and light-harvesting functions in cells from bacteria to humans. To explore the role of the propionate moieties in bilin metabolism, we report the semisynthesis of mono- and diamides of biliverdin IX alpha and those of its non-natural XIII alpha isomer. Initially, these were examined as substrates of two types of NADPH-dependent biliverdin reductase, BVR and BvdR, and of the representative ferredoxin-dependent bilin reductase, phycocyanobilin:ferredoxin oxidoreductase (PcyA). Our studies indicate that the NADPH-dependent biliverdin reductases are less accommodating to amidation of the propionic acid side chains of biliverdin IX alpha than PcyA, which does not require free carboxylic acid side chains to yield its phytobilin product, phycocyanobilin. Bilin amides were also assembled with BV-type and phytobilin-type apophytochromes, demonstrating a role for the 8-propionate in the formation of the spectroscopically native P-r dark states of these biliprotein photosensors. Neither ionizable propionate side chain proved to be essential to primary photoisomerization for both classes of phytochromes, but an unsubstituted 12-propionate was required for full photointerconversion of phytobilin-type phytochrome Cph1. Taken together, these studies provide insight into the roles of the ionizable propionate side chains in substrate discrimination by two bilin reductase families while further underscoring the mechanistic differences between the photoconversions of BV-type and phytobilin-type phytochromes.

  DOI：

  10.1021/bi100756x

文献信息

• Biliverdin Amides Reveal Roles for Propionate Side Chains in Bilin Reductase Recognition and in Holophytochrome Assembly and Photoconversion
  作者：Lixia Shang、Nathan C. Rockwell、Shelley S. Martin、J. Clark Lagarias

  DOI：10.1021/bi100756x

  日期：2010.7.27

  Linear tetrapyrroles (bilins) perform important antioxidant and light-harvesting functions in cells from bacteria to humans. To explore the role of the propionate moieties in bilin metabolism, we report the semisynthesis of mono- and diamides of biliverdin IX alpha and those of its non-natural XIII alpha isomer. Initially, these were examined as substrates of two types of NADPH-dependent biliverdin reductase, BVR and BvdR, and of the representative ferredoxin-dependent bilin reductase, phycocyanobilin:ferredoxin oxidoreductase (PcyA). Our studies indicate that the NADPH-dependent biliverdin reductases are less accommodating to amidation of the propionic acid side chains of biliverdin IX alpha than PcyA, which does not require free carboxylic acid side chains to yield its phytobilin product, phycocyanobilin. Bilin amides were also assembled with BV-type and phytobilin-type apophytochromes, demonstrating a role for the 8-propionate in the formation of the spectroscopically native P-r dark states of these biliprotein photosensors. Neither ionizable propionate side chain proved to be essential to primary photoisomerization for both classes of phytochromes, but an unsubstituted 12-propionate was required for full photointerconversion of phytobilin-type phytochrome Cph1. Taken together, these studies provide insight into the roles of the ionizable propionate side chains in substrate discrimination by two bilin reductase families while further underscoring the mechanistic differences between the photoconversions of BV-type and phytobilin-type phytochromes.