1-丁基-3-甲基吲哚 | 1914-00-7

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机杂环化合物 - 吲哚及其衍生物
• 中文名称: 1-丁基-3-甲基吲哚
• 英文名称: 1-butyl-3-methyl-1H-indole
• 英文别名: 1-butyl-3-methylindole；1-butylskatole；1-butyl-3-methyl-indole；1-n-Butyl-3-methyl-indol；1,n-Butyl-3-methylindol；1-Butyl-3-methyl-indol
• CAS: 1914-00-7
• 化学式: C₁₃H₁₇N
• 分子量: 187.285
• InChiKey: RJCJMSHDEGLHRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  3.5
• 重原子数：
  14
• 可旋转键数：
  3
• 环数：
  2.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.38
• 拓扑面积：
  4.9
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  0

安全信息

• 海关编码：
  2933990090

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  1-丁基-3-甲基吲哚 、 全氟溴辛烷 在 potassium phosphate 、 氯化镍二甲氧基乙烷 、 4,5-双二苯基膦-9,9-二甲基氧杂蒽 作用下， 以 1,4-二氧六环 为溶剂， 反应 20.0h， 以59%的产率得到1-butyl-3-methyl-2-(perfluorooctyl)-1H-indole
  参考文献：
  名称：

  镍催化的吲哚与二氟烷基溴的区域选择性C（2）-H二氟烷基化

  摘要：

  使用简单的镍催化剂体系（DME）NiCl 2 / Xantphos成功地实现了C-3未取代的吲哚与常用的氟代烷基溴的区域选择性C（2）-H二氟烷基化。该方法显示出极好的区域选择性，并显示出较宽的底物范围。在吲哚主链上可以耐受各种官能团，例如OMe，-F和-Br，从而以中等至良好的收率得到二氟烷基化产物。初步的机理发现表明，该反应本质上是均相的，并且涉及自由基。合成褪黑激素受体拮抗剂Luzindole衍生物证明了这种镍催化方法的合成效用。

  DOI：

  10.1002/asia.201800504
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  1-butyl-1-phenyl-2-propylidenehydrazine 在 zinc(II) chloride 作用下， 以 2-甲基-2-丁醇 为溶剂， 反应 3.0h， 以178 mg的产率得到1-丁基-3-甲基吲哚
  参考文献：
  名称：

  钯催化的胺类脱氢生成胺。通过胺与芳肼的交叉偶联反应获得吲哚的自然路线

  摘要：

  AbstractH‐substituted imines are elusive compounds formed when aldehydes or ketones are mixed with ammonia. However, this class of molecules can be prepared through selective removal of a hydrogen molecule from a primary amine using a transition metal catalyst. This biomimetic transformation, previously employed for the N‐alkylation of anilines, is applied here to a domino preparation of differently substituted indoles from aliphatic primary amines and arylhydrazines. Several different linear and branched aliphatic primary amines are oxidized with reusable palladium on charcoal to the corresponding primary imines entrapped as arylhydrazones that can be isolated as such. Arylhydrazones can be further converted into N‐alkylindole derivatives via an acid‐mediated indolisation reaction. The one‐pot domino hydrogen transfer Fischer indole synthesis under heterogeneous catalysis is also possible, giving access to diverse substituted indoles, including NH indoles obtained after deprotection of the corresponding benzyl compounds. The truly heterogeneous nature of the catalyst was demonstrated by recycling the catalyst in the same reaction, and in other palladium‐catalysed transformations.magnified image

  DOI：

  10.1002/adsc.201300559

文献信息

• Indole Syntheses Utilizing<i>o</i>-Methylphenyl Isocyanides
  作者：Yoshihiko Ito、Kazuhiro Kobayashi、Norihiko Seko、Takeo Saegusa

  DOI：10.1246/bcsj.57.73

  日期：1984.1

  New indole synthesis starting with o-methylphenyl isocyanides such as o-tolyl, 2,4-xylyl, and 2,6-xylyl isocyanide is described in full detail. Treatment of o-tolyl isocyanide with LDA in diglyme at −78 °C generated selectively o-(lithiomethyl)phenyl isocyanide in an almost quantitative yield, which on warming up to room temperature was cyclized to indole after aqueous workup. Similary, 2,4-xylyl and

  以邻甲基苯基异氰化物（例如邻甲苯基、2,4-二甲苯基和 2,6-二甲苯基异氰化物）为起始原料的新型吲哚合成得到了详细描述。在-78°C 下，在二甘醇二甲醚中用 LDA 处理邻甲苯基异氰化物，选择性地以几乎定量的产率生成邻（硫代甲基）苯基异氰化物，其在升温至室温后在水性处理后环化为吲哚。类似地，2,4-二甲苯基和2,6-二甲苯基异氰化物定量环化为5-甲基吲哚和7-甲基吲哚。邻（锂硫甲基）苯基异氰化物与诸如卤代烷和环氧烷之类的亲电子试剂反应得到邻烷基苯基异氰化物，其通过在邻苄基碳上的锂化而环化得到3-取代的吲哚。另一方面，在-78°C 下原位生成的邻（锂硫甲基）苯基异氰化物首先升温至室温，然后用亲电试剂处理以提供 1-取代的吲哚。邻（锂硫甲基）苯基异氰化物以相当好的收率与 N-酰基...
• Palladium-Catalyzed Indole, Pyrrole, and Furan Arylation by Aryl Chlorides
  作者：Enrico T. Nadres、Anna Lazareva、Olafs Daugulis

  DOI：10.1021/jo1018969

  日期：2011.1.21

  The palladium-catalyzed direct arylation of indoles, pyrroles, and furans by aryl chlorides has been demonstrated. The method employs a palladium acetate catalyst, 2-(dicyclohexylphosphino)-biphenyl ligand, and an inorganic base. Electron-rich and electron-poor aryl chlorides as well as chloropyridine coupling partners can be used, and arylated heterocycles are obtained in moderate to good yields.

  钯催化的吲哚、吡咯和呋喃由芳基氯化物直接芳基化已得到证实。该方法使用乙酸钯催化剂、2-(二环己基膦)-联苯配体和无机碱。可以使用富电子和缺电子的芳基氯化物以及氯吡啶偶联伙伴，并以中等至良好的产率获得芳基化杂环。要获得最佳结果，需要优化碱、配体和溶剂。
• Benzylic C(sp³)–C(sp²) cross-coupling of indoles enabled by oxidative radical generation and nickel catalysis
  作者：Weonjeong Kim、Jangwoo Koo、Hong Geun Lee

  DOI：10.1039/d0sc06666d

  日期：——

  effectively delivered from an aryl (pseudo)halide or an acid anhydride coupling partner, respectively. The developed method utilizes mild conditions and exhibits a wide substrate scope for both substituted indoles and C(sp2)-based reaction counterparts. Mechanistic studies have shown that competitive hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) processes, which are frequently encountered in conventional methods, are not

  基于吲哚底物的容易氧化事件，开发了一种机械上独特的苄基 C(sp 3 )-H 键功能化策略。这种新颖的途径是通过在底物的苄基位置上有效地产生自由基来启动的，随后通过过渡金属催化来完成整个转化。最终，芳基或酰基可以分别从芳基（拟）卤化物或酸酐偶联配偶体有效地传递。所开发的方法利用温和的条件，并对取代的吲哚和基于 C(sp 2 ) 的反应对应物表现出广泛的底物范围。机理研究表明，传统方法中经常遇到的竞争性氢原子转移（HAT）过程并不参与所开发策略的产物形成过程。
• Electrochemical Generation of Diaza-oxyallyl Cation for Cycloaddition in an All-Green Electrolytic System
  作者：Longji Li、Sanzhong Luo

  DOI：10.1021/acs.orglett.8b00057

  日期：2018.3.2

  The electro-oxidative generation of diaza-oxyallyl cation and its application to the synthesis of diamine motifs has been explored. Because of the synergistic combination of anodic and cathodic reactions, the current electrochemical method not only avoids the use of a stoichiometric amount of chemical oxidant but also eliminates the need for supporting electrolyte and external base required for effective

  已经研究了二氮杂-氧基烯丙基阳离子的电氧化生成及其在二胺基序合成中的应用。由于阳极和阴极反应的协同结合，当前的电化学方法不仅避免使用化学计量的化学氧化剂，而且消除了支持电解质和有效氧化所需的外部碱的需求。
• Palladium-Catalyzed Direct C2 Arylation of<i>N</i>-Substituted Indoles with 1-Aryltriazenes
  作者：Can Liu、Tao Miao、Lei Zhang、Pinhua Li、Yicheng Zhang、Lei Wang

  DOI：10.1002/asia.201402274

  日期：2014.9

  A novel and efficient palladium‐catalyzed C2 arylation of N‐substituted indoles with 1‐aryltriazenes for the synthesis of 2‐arylindoles was developed. In the presence of BF3⋅OEt2 and palladium(II) acetate (Pd(OAc)2), N‐substituted indoles reacted with 1‐aryltriazenes in N,N‐dimethylacetamide (DMAC) to afford the corresponding aryl–indole‐type products in good to excellent yields.

  开发了一种新颖且有效的钯催化N-取代的吲哚与1-芳基三氮烯的C2芳基化反应，用于合成2-芳基吲哚。在BF的存在3 ⋅ OET 2和钯（II），乙酸钯（Pd（OAc）2），Ñ -取代的吲哚与1- aryltriazenes反应Ñ，Ñ二甲基乙酰胺（DMAC），得到相应的芳基吲哚类产品的良率到优等。