在弱酸性条件下,在与终端炔烃相当的时间和温度(≤95°C)下,通过三键的正式水合,烷基芳基炔烃具有完全的区域选择性,从而转化为相应的芳基酮。Fe 2(SO 4)3 n H 2催化的过程冰乙酸中的O具有良好的官能团相容性,包括具有庞大的三键取代基的官能团相容性,并且可以通过去甲硅烷基化水合序列扩展为芳基三甲基甲硅烷基乙炔一锅转化为乙酰基衍生物的过程。总体反应模式以及质子亲和力数据表明,三键是通过质子转移而不是通过与金属离子的π相互作用激活的。该机理特征与贵金属催化剂的机理不同,解释了Fe 2(SO 4)3 n H 2 O / AcOH催化体系表现出的总区域选择性和对空间位阻的不敏感性。
Sulfonated N-Heterocyclic Carbenes for Pd-Catalyzed Sonogashira and Suzuki-Miyaura Coupling in Aqueous Solvents
作者:Sutapa Roy、Herbert Plenio
DOI:10.1002/adsc.200900886
日期:——
of the respective disulfonated N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC) precursors in reasonable yields (46–77%). Water‐soluble palladium catalyst complexes, in situ obtained from the respective sulfonated imidazolinium salt, sodium tetrachloropalladate (Na2PdCl4) and potassium hydroxide (KOH) in water, were successfully applied in the copper‐free Sonogashiracoupling reaction in isopropyl alcohol/water mixtures
A synthetic method for azaheterocycles from aryl ketone O-acetyl oximes and internalalkynes has been developed by using the Cu(OAc)2–[Cp*RhCl2]2 bimetallic catalytic system. The reactions proceeded with both of anti- and syn-isomers of oximes with a wide scope of substituents. The Cu–Rh bimetallic system could be applied for the synthesis of isoquinolines as well as β-carboline, furo[2.3-c]pyridine
利用Cu(OAc)2- [Cp * RhCl 2 ] 2双金属催化体系,开发了一种由芳基酮O-乙酰基肟和内部炔烃合成氮杂杂环的方法。该反应在具有广泛取代基的肟的反-和顺-异构体上进行。Cu-Rh双金属系统可用于合成异喹啉以及β-咔啉,呋喃[2.3- c ]吡啶,吡咯并[2,3- c ]吡啶和噻吩并[2,3- c ]吡啶衍生物。
C(sp2)-C(sp) and C(sp)-C(sp) Coupling Reactions Catalyzed by Oxime-Derived Palladacycles
作者:Diego A. Alonso、Carmen Nájera、Ma Carmen Pacheco
DOI:10.1002/adsc.200303067
日期:2003.9
4′-dichlorobenzophenone, is an efficient pre-catalyst for the copper- and amine-free Sonogashira coupling between terminal acetylenes and aryl iodides and aryl and vinyl bromides achieving turnover numbers (TON) of up to 72000. Catalyst 8a has also been shown as a effective promoter for the sila-Sonogashira coupling between 1-(trimethylsilyl)alkynes and aryl iodides and bromides in the presence of CuI or
Facile synthesis of substituted thiophenes via Pd/C-mediated sonogashira coupling in water
作者:Sirisilla Raju、P. Rajender Kumar、K. Mukkanti、Pazhanimuthu Annamalai、Manojit Pal
DOI:10.1016/j.bmcl.2006.09.041
日期:2006.12
The first successful Pd/C-mediated Sonogashira coupling of iodothiophene with terminal alkynes in water is described here. Pd/C-CuI-PPh(3) was found to be an efficient catalyst system for this coupling reaction. Using this economic and reliable process a variety of acetylenic thiophenes with a wide range of functional groups were prepared in good yields. Synthetic applications and in vitro anticancer
Pyrrole Synthesis via Allylic sp<sup>3</sup> C−H Activation of Enamines Followed by Intermolecular Coupling with Unactivated Alkynes
作者:Souvik Rakshit、Frederic W. Patureau、Frank Glorius
DOI:10.1021/ja104305s
日期:2010.7.21
A conceptually novel pyrrole synthesis is reported, efficiently merging enamines and (unactivated) alkynes under oxidative conditions. In an intermolecular Rh catalyzed process, the challenging allylic sp(3) C-H activation of the enamine substrates is followed by the cyclization with the alkyne (R(3) = CO(2)R). Alternatively, in some cases (R(3) = CN), the enamine can be utilized for a vinylic sp(2)