Alkyl sulfonyl derivatized PAMAM-G2dendrimers as nonviral gene delivery vectors with improved transfection efficiencies
作者:Julia Morales-Sanfrutos、Alicia Megia-Fernandez、Fernando Hernandez-Mateo、Ma Dolores Giron-Gonzalez、Rafael Salto-Gonzalez、Francisco Santoyo-Gonzalez
DOI:10.1039/c0ob00355g
日期:——
Amphiphilic dendrimer-based gene delivery vectors bearing peripheral alkyl sulfonyl hydrophobic tails were constructed using low-generation PAMAM-G2 as the core and functionalized by means of the aza-Michael type addition of its primary amino groups to vinylsulfone derivatives as an efficient tool for surface engineering. While the unmodified PAMAM-G2 was unable to efficiently transfect eukaryotic cells, functionalized PAMAM-G2 dendrimers were able to bind DNA at low N/P ratios, protect DNA from digestion with DNase I and showed high transfection efficiencies and low cytotoxicity. Dendrimers with a C18 alkyl chain produced transfection efficiencies up to 3.1 fold higher than LipofectAMINE™ 2000 in CHO-k1 cells. The dendriplexes based in functionalized PAMAM-G2 also showed the ability to retain their transfection properties in the presence of serum and the ability to transfect different eukaryotic cell lines such as Neuro-2A and RAW 264.7. Taking advantage of the vinylsulfone chemistry, fluorescent PAMAM-G2 derivatives of these vectors were prepared as molecular probes to determine cellular uptake and internalization through a clathrin-independent mechanism.
构建了基于两亲性树枝状大分子的基因递送载体,其外围带有烷基磺酰疏水尾,以低代数PAMAM-G2为核,通过其一级氨基组与乙烯基砜衍生物的氮-迈克尔型加成反应进行功能化,作为表面工程的有效工具。虽然未修饰的PAMAM-G2无法有效地转染真核细胞,但功能化的PAMAM-G2树枝状大分子能够在低N/P比下结合DNA,保护DNA免受DNase I的消化,并显示出高转染效率和低细胞毒性。带有C18烷基链的树枝状大分子在CHO-k1细胞中的转染效率比LipofectAMINE™ 2000高出3.1倍。以功能化PAMAM-G2为基础的树枝状聚合物复合物也显示出在血清存在下保持其转染特性的能力,并能够转染不同的真核细胞系,如Neuro-2A和RAW 264.7。利用乙烯基砜化学,制备了这些载体的荧光PAMAM-G2衍生物,作为分子探针,通过非网格蛋白依赖的机制确定细胞摄取和内化。