Selective Construction of C−C and C=C Bonds by Manganese Catalyzed Coupling of Alcohols with Phosphorus Ylides
作者:Xin Liu、Thomas Werner
DOI:10.1002/adsc.202001209
日期:2021.2.16
manganese catalyzed coupling of alcohols with phosphorus ylides. The selectivity in the coupling of primary alcohols with phosphorus ylides to form carbon‐carbon single (C−C) and carbon‐carbon double (C=C) bonds can be controlled by the ligands. In the conversion of more challenging secondary alcohols with phosphorus ylides the selectivity towards the formation of C−C vs. C=C bonds can be controlled by the
A new catalytic transesterification promoted by a tetranuclear zinc cluster was developed. The mild reaction conditions enabled the reactions of various functionalized substrates to proceed in good to high yield. A large-scale reaction under solvent-free conditions proceeded with a low E-factor value (0.66), indicating the high environmental and economical advantage of the present catalysis.
作者:Xavier de la Torre、Jordi Segura、Aldo Polettini、Maria Montagna
DOI:10.1002/jms.1190301004
日期:1995.10
The detection of testosterone misuse in sports is currently based on the urinary testosterone to epitestosterone ratio, although in some rare instances physiological or pathological conditions could compromise the application of this general criterion. The detection in the body of traces of the unchanged testosterone esters really ingested would offer unequivocal confirmation of testosterone administration. In this work, the detectability of testosterone esters in humans was studied. Liquid–liquid extraction of human blood plasma and appropriate derivatization of nine testosterone esters are described. Different acyl (trifluoroacetyl, pentafluoropropionyl and heptafluorobutyryl) and trimethylsilyl derivatives were studied. The trimethylsilyl derivatives appear to be the best for screenign purposes based on the characteristics of their mass spectra, with abundant molecular ions in the high-mass range. They also offered good conditions for tandem mass spectrometric analysis, needed to achieve the required sensitivity after oral administration of the drugs. The method was successful in the detection and determination of intramuscularly administered testosterone propionate and testosterone enanthate and orally ingested testosterone undecanoate.
The invention relates to a novel sustained release pharmaceutical formulation adapted for administration by injection containing the compound 7α-[9-(4,4,5,5,5-pentafluoropentylsulphmyl)nonyl]oestra-1,3,5(10)-thene-3,17β-diol, more particularly to a formulation adapted for administration by injection containing the compound 7α-[9-(4,4,5,5,5-pentafluoropentylsulphinyl)nonyl]oestra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3,17β-diol in solution in a ricinoleate vehicle which additionally comprises at least one alcohol and a non-aqueous ester solvent which is miscible in the ricinoleate vehicle.