Highly Suppressing Wild-Type HIV-1 and Y181C Mutant HIV-1 Strains by 10-Chloromethyl-11-demethyl-12-oxo-calanolide A with Druggable Profile
摘要:
We herein report a new compound: 10-chloromethyl-11-demethyl-12-oxo-calanolide A (20, EC50 = 7.4 nM, St = 1417), which demonstrates a druggable profile with 32.7% oral bioavailability in rat, tolerated oral single dose toxicity in mice, and especially the feature of highly efficient suppression of the wild-type HIV-1 and Y181C mutant HIV-1 at an EC50 = 7.4 nM and EC50 = 0.46 nM, respectively.
Amide analogs of antifungal dioxane–triazole derivatives: Synthesis and in vitro activities
摘要:
A new series of triazole compounds possessing an amide-part were efficiently synthesized and their in vitro antifungal activities were investigated. The amide analogs showed excellent in vitro activity against Candida, Cryptococcus and Aspergillus species. The MICs of compound 23d against C. albicans ATCC24433, C. neoformans TIMM1855 and A. fumigatus ATCC26430 were <= 0.008, 0.031 and 0.031 mu g/mL, respectively, (MICs of fluconazole: 0.5, >4 and >4 mu g/mL; MICs of itraconazole: 0.125, 0.25, 0.25 mu g/mL). Furthermore, compound 23d was stable under acidic conditions. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CARNITINE FROM BETA-LACTONES
申请人:Hanselmann Paul
公开号:US20120022288A1
公开(公告)日:2012-01-26
The invention relates to a method for the production of L-carnitine, wherein a β-lactone, which is a 4-(halomethyl)oxetane-2-one, is converted into carnitine with trimethylamine (TMA), wherein the β-lactone is not subjected to a basic hydrolysis step before being contacted with the trimethylamine. The invention also relates to a carnitine having a unique impurity profile.
A process for the preparation of L-carnitine using (S)-3-activated hydroxybutyrolactone as a raw material, which is subject to a ring-opening reaction, expoxydation where the chiral center is inversely converted, and nucleophilic substitution of trimethylamine.
various possible hydrolysismechanisms. For all compounds, reasonable to very good qualitative and quantitative agreement with experimental work was found, and evidence is provided to support long-standing hypotheses regarding the role of solvent molecule as a base catalyst. In addition, novel evidence is presented for the existence of an elimination–addition mechanism in the basic hydrolysis of diketene