Hydroxyalkylation of indole with cyclic carbonates catalyzed by ionic liquids
摘要:
A simple and eco-friendly procedure has been developed for the synthesis of hydroxyalkyl indoles from indole and cyclic carbonates in the presence of a catalytic amount of imidazolium based ionic liquids under solvent-free conditions. The effects of reaction time, the catalyst amount, temperature, and the ratio of the reactants were investigated to develop the optimum conditions for the transformation. Under the optimized reaction conditions, indole reacted with ethylene carbonate or propylene carbonate to give 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)indole or 1-(2-hydroxypropyl)indole, as well as the corresponding sequential derivatives, in high yields. The catalytic activity of the ionic liquids was affected by the anions of the ionic liquids in the order of BF4- < Br- < Cl- < OAc-, which was consistent with the hydrogen bond basicity of the anions of the ionic liquids. (c) 2013, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
New indole synthesis starting with o-methylphenyl isocyanides such as o-tolyl, 2,4-xylyl, and 2,6-xylyl isocyanide is described in full detail. Treatment of o-tolylisocyanide with LDA in diglyme at −78 °C generated selectively o-(lithiomethyl)phenyl isocyanide in an almost quantitative yield, which on warming up to room temperature was cyclized to indole after aqueous workup. Similary, 2,4-xylyl and
Stereoselective synthesis of oxazino[4,3-a]indoles employing the oxa-Pictet–Spengler reaction of indoles bearing N-tethered vinylogous carbonate
作者:Santosh J. Gharpure、A. M. Sathiyanarayanan
DOI:10.1039/c0cc05558a
日期:——
A one-pot, sequential 2,3-bis-functionalization of indoles bearing N-tethered vinylogous carbonates employing an intramolecular oxa-PictetâSpengler reaction followed by electrophilic substitution is developed for the stereoselective synthesis of oxazino[4,3-a]indoles.
Lipase-Catalyzed Kinetic Resolution of<i>N</i>-Substituted 1-(β-Hydroxypropyl)indoles by Enantioselective Acetylation
作者:Paweł Borowiecki、Maciej Dranka、Zbigniew Ochal
DOI:10.1002/ejoc.201700889
日期:2017.10.2
indolic alcohols [1-(1H-indol-1-yl)propan-2-ol, 1-(2-methyl-1H-indol-1-yl)propan-2-ol, and 1-(5-bromo-1H-indol-1-yl)propan-2-ol] with enol esters (vinyl acetate and isopropenyl acetate) as acyl group donors, performed under kinetically controlled conditions. A substantial influence of enzyme type, acyl group donor, and organic solvent on conversion rates and enantioselectivity of the enzymatic kinetic
Materials And Methods Useful To Induce Vacuolization, Cell Death, Or A Combination Thereof
申请人:The University of Toledo
公开号:US20150152049A1
公开(公告)日:2015-06-04
The present invention provides materials and methods to induce cell death by methuosis, a non-apoptotic cell death mechanism, to induce vacuolization without cell death, or to induce cell death without vacuolization. Small molecules herein are useful for treating cell proliferation disorders or anomalies, particularly, but not exclusively, cancer. Methods related to the research and pharmaceutical use of the small molecules are also provided herein.