Anti-HIV benzylisoquinoline alkaloids and flavonoids from the leaves of Nelumbo nucifera, and structure–activity correlations with related alkaloids
作者:Yoshiki Kashiwada、Akihiro Aoshima、Yasumasa Ikeshiro、Yuh-Pan Chen、Hiroshi Furukawa、Masataka Itoigawa、Toshihiro Fujioka、Kunihide Mihashi、L. Mark Cosentino、Susan L. Morris-Natschke、Kuo-Hsiung Lee
DOI:10.1016/j.bmc.2004.10.020
日期:2005.1
(+)-1(R)-Coclaurine (1) and (-)-1(S)-norcoclaurine (3), together with quercetin 3-O-beta-D-glucuronide (4), were isolated from the leaves of Nelumbo nucifera (Nymphaccae), and identified as anti-HIV principles. Compounds 1 and 3 demonstrated potent anti-HIV activity with EC50 values of 0.8 and <0.8 mug/mL, respectively, and therapeutic index (TI) values of >125 and >25, respectively. Compound 4 was less potent (EC50 2 mug/mL). In a structure-activity relationship study, other benzylisoquinoline, aporphine, and bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids, including liensinine (14), negferine (15), and isoliensinine (16), which were previously isolated from the leaves and embryo of Nelumbo nucifera, were evaluated for anti-HIV activity. Compounds 14-16 showed potent anti-HIV activities with EC50 values of <0.8 mug/mL and TI values of >9.9, >8.6, and >6.5, respectively. Nuciferine (12), an aporphine alkaloid, had an EC50 value of 0.8 mug/mL and TI of 36. In addition, synthetic coclaurine analogs were also evaluated. Compounds 1, 3, 12, and 14-16 can serve as new leads for further development of anti-AIDS agents. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
(+)-1(R)-可可碱(1)和(-)-1(S)-去甲可可碱(3),以及山奈酚-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸苷(4),从睡莲(Nelumbo nucifera)叶中分离并鉴定为抗HIV活性成分。化合物1和3表现出强效的抗HIV活性,其EC50值分别为0.8 μg/mL和<0.8 μg/mL,治疗指数(TI)值分别为>125和>25。化合物4的活性较弱,EC50值为2 μg/mL。在结构-活性关系研究中,还评估了其他苄基异喹啉、阿朴啡烷和双苄基异喹啉生物碱,包括 lienisine(14)、negferine(15)和isoliensinine(16),这些化合物先前从睡莲叶和胚中分离,进一步证实了它们的抗HIV活性。化合物14-16表现出强效抗HIV活性,其EC50值均<0.8 μg/mL,TI值分别为>9.9、>8.6和>6.5。阿朴啡烷生物碱nuciferine(12)的EC50值为0.8 μg/mL,TI值为36。此外,合成的可可碱类似物也进行了评估。化合物1、3、12和14-16可作为开发新型抗AIDS药物的新先导化合物。©2004 Elsevier Ltd. 所有权利保留。