Design, synthesis and evaluation of tacrine–flurbiprofen–nitrate trihybrids as novel anti-Alzheimer’s disease agents
摘要:
To search for multifunctional anti-Alzheimer's disease (AD) agents with good safety, the previously synthesized tacrine-flurbiprofen hybrids 1a and 1b were modified into tacrine-flurbiprofen-nitrate trihybrids 3a-h. These compounds displayed comparable or higher cholinesterase inhibitory activity relative to the bivalent hybrids. Compound 3a was the most potent, which released moderate NO, exerted blood vessel relaxative activity, and showed significant A beta inhibitory effects whereas tacrine and flurbiprofen did not exhibit any Ab inhibitory activity at the same dose. In addition, 3a was active in improving memory impairment in vivo. More importantly, the hepatotoxicity study showed that 3a was much safer than tacrine, suggesting it might be a promising anti-AD agent for further investigation. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
NO-donating tacrine derivatives as potential butyrylcholinesterase inhibitors with vasorelaxation activity
摘要:
To search for potent anti-Alzheimer's disease (AD) agents with multifunctional effects, 12 NO-donating tacrine-flurbiprofen hybrid compounds (2a-l) were synthesized and biologically evaluated. It was found that all the new target compounds showed selective butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) inhibitory activity in vitro comparable or higher than tacrine and the tacrine-flurbiprofen hybrid compounds 1a-c, and released moderate amount of NO in vitro. The kinetic study suggests that one of the most active and highest BuChE selective compounds 2d may not only compete with the substrate for the same catalytic active site (CAS) but also interact with a second binding site. Furthermore, 2d and 2l exhibited significant vascular relaxation effect, which is beneficial for the treatment of AD. All the results suggest that 2d and 2l might be promising lead compounds for further research. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.