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硝基过氧乙酸酯 | 2278-22-0

中文名称
硝基过氧乙酸酯
中文别名
——
英文名称
peroxyacetyl nitrate
英文别名
peroxynitrylradical;Peroxyacetylnitrat;nitro ethaneperoxoate
硝基过氧乙酸酯化学式
CAS
2278-22-0
化学式
C2H3NO5
mdl
——
分子量
121.05
InChiKey
VGQXTTSVLMQFHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N
BEILSTEIN
——
EINECS
——
  • 物化性质
  • 计算性质
  • ADMET
  • 安全信息
  • SDS
  • 制备方法与用途
  • 上下游信息
  • 反应信息
  • 文献信息
  • 表征谱图
  • 同类化合物
  • 相关功能分类
  • 相关结构分类

物化性质

  • 熔点:
    -48.5 °C
  • 沸点:
    225.69°C (rough estimate)
  • 密度:
    1.438±0.06 g/cm3(Predicted)
  • 颜色/状态:
    Unstable gas
  • 溶解度:
    In water, 1.46X10+5 mg/L at 25 °C (est)
  • 蒸汽压力:
    29.2 mm Hg at 25 °C
  • 亨利常数:
    2.78e-04 atm-m3/mole
  • 大气OH速率常数:
    10.00e-14 cm3/molecule*sec
  • 分解:
    ... Peroxyacetyl nitrate ... (PAN) undergoes a temperature-dependent decomposition to its precursors, NO2 and acetyl peroxy radicals.

计算性质

  • 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP):
    0.6
  • 重原子数:
    8
  • 可旋转键数:
    2
  • 环数:
    0.0
  • sp3杂化的碳原子比例:
    0.5
  • 拓扑面积:
    81.4
  • 氢给体数:
    0
  • 氢受体数:
    5

ADMET

毒理性
  • 相互作用
在32名不吸烟的男性和女性(8名18至26岁的男性和女性,以及8名51至76岁的男性和女性)中调查了代谢和肺部功能反应,他们分别暴露于8种不同条件下的每种条件2小时:(1)过滤空气(FA),(2)0.13 ppm过氧乙酰硝酸酯(PAN),(3)0.45 ppm臭氧(O3),(4)0.60 ppm二氧化氮(NO2),(5)0.13 ppm PAN + 0.45 ppm O3(PAN/O3),(6)0.13 ppm PAN + 0.60 ppm NO2(PAN/NO2),(7)0.60 ppm NO2 + 0.45 ppm O3(NO2/O3),以及(8)0.13 ppm PAN + 0.60 ppm NO2 + 0.45 ppm O3(PAN/NO2/O3)。受试者在预设的负荷下交替进行休息(n = 3)和自行车测力计运动(n = 3),以产生大约25 L/min(BTPS)的通气分钟量。在暴露前后测定功能残气量(FRC)。在暴露前后和每次运动后5分钟测定用力肺活量(FVC)。在整个暴露期间监测心率,并在每个运动期的最后2分钟测量VE。暴露于FA、PAN、NO2和PAN/NO2对任何肺部或代谢功能指标都没有影响。臭氧主要是导致观察到的肺部功能效应的原因。O3暴露的反应与三种O3混合物的反应之间没有显著差异,表明污染物之间没有交互作用。...
The metabolic and pulmonary function responses were investigated in 32 non-smoking men and women (8 men and 8 women 18 to 26 years of age, and 8 men and 8 women 51 to 76 years of age) who were exposed for 2 hours to each of 8 conditions: (1) filtered air (FA), (2) 0.13 ppm peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN), (3) 0.45 ppm ozone (O3), (4) 0.60 ppm nitrogen dioxide (NO2), (5) 0.13 ppm PAN + 0.45 ppm O3 (PAN/O3), (6) 0.13 ppm PAN + 0.60 ppm NO2 (PAN/NO2), (7) 0.60 ppm NO2 + 0.45 ppm O3 (NO2/O3), and (8) 0.13 ppm PAN + 0.60 ppm NO2 + 0.45 ppm O3 (PAN/NO2/O3). The subjects alternated 20-min periods of rest (n = 3) and cycle ergometer exercise (n = 3) at a work load predetermined to elicit a ventilatory minute volume (VE) of approximately 25 L/min (BTPS). Functional residual capacity (FRC) was determined pre- and post-exposure. Forced vital capacity (FVC) was determined before and after exposure, and 5 min after each exercise period. Heart rate was monitored throughout each exposure, and VE was measured during the last 2 min of each exercise period. Exposure to FA, PAN, NO2, and PAN/NO2 had no effect on any measure of pulmonary or metabolic function. Ozone was primarily responsible for the pulmonary function effects observed. There was no significant difference between the responses to O3 exposure and the responses to the three O3 mixtures, indicating no interactions between the pollutants. ...
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
  • 解毒与急救
立即急救:确保已经进行了充分去污。如果患者停止呼吸,开始人工呼吸,最好使用需求阀复苏器、气囊面罩装置或口袋面罩,按训练进行操作。如有必要,执行心肺复苏。立即用缓慢流动的水冲洗受污染的眼睛。不要催吐。如果发生呕吐,让患者向前倾或将其置于左侧(如果可能,头部向下)以保持呼吸道畅通,防止吸入。保持患者安静,维持正常体温。寻求医疗帮助。/毒物A和B/
Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR if necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on the left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Poisons A and B/
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
  • 解毒与急救
基本治疗:建立专利气道(如需要,使用口咽或鼻咽气道)。如有必要,进行吸痰。观察呼吸不足的迹象,如有需要,协助通气。通过非循环呼吸面罩以10至15升/分钟的速度给予氧气。监测肺水肿,如有必要,进行治疗……。监测休克,如有必要,进行治疗……。预见并处理癫痫发作,如有必要……。对于眼睛污染,立即用水冲洗眼睛。在运输过程中,用0.9%的生理盐水(NS)持续冲洗每只眼睛……。不要使用催吐剂。对于摄入,如果患者能吞咽、有强烈的干呕反射且不流口水,则用温水冲洗口腔,并给予5毫升/千克,最多200毫升的水进行稀释……。在去污染后,用干燥的无菌敷料覆盖皮肤烧伤……。/毒药A和B/
Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if needed. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Poisons A and B/
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
  • 解毒与急救
高级治疗:对于昏迷、严重肺水肿或严重呼吸困难的病人,考虑进行口咽或鼻咽气管插管以控制气道。使用气囊面罩装置的正压通气技术可能有益。考虑使用药物治疗肺水肿……。对于严重的支气管痉挛,考虑给予β受体激动剂,如沙丁胺醇……。监测心率和必要时治疗心律失常……。开始静脉输注D5W/SRP:“保持开放”,最小流量/。如果出现低血容量的迹象,使用0.9%的生理盐水(NS)或乳酸钠林格氏液。对于伴有低血容量迹象的低血压,谨慎给予液体。注意液体过载的迹象……。使用地西泮或劳拉西泮治疗癫痫……。使用丙美卡因氢氯化物协助眼部冲洗……。/毒物A和B/
Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Consider administering a beta agonist such as albuterol for severe bronchospasm ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam or lorazepam ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Poisons A and B/
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
  • 人类毒性摘录
/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ 在这项研究中,调查了10名非吸烟、年轻的成年男性在4种条件下暴露2小时(20摄氏度...)时,他们的代谢和肺部功能的影响:(1)过滤空气(FA),(2)0.30 ppm 过氧酰基硝酸酯(PAN),(3)0.45 ppm 臭氧(O3),和(4)0.45 ppm O3 + 0.30 ppm PAN(PAN/O3)。受试者在预设的工作负荷下交替进行15分钟的休息和20分钟的自行车测功机运动,以产生27升/分钟(BTPS)的通气分钟量(VE)。在暴露前后测定功能残气量(FRC)。在暴露前后以及每次运动期后5分钟测定用力肺活量(FVC)。在整个暴露期间监测心率,并在每个运动期的最后2分钟测量(VE)、氧摄取(VO2)、呼吸频率(fR)和潮气量(VT)。FA或PAN暴露后没有任何变量的变化。由于O3和PAN/O3暴露而发生的唯一代谢变化是VT减少,随之而来的是fR增加,因此VE没有变化。O3和PAN/O3均显著(p < 0.05)降低了FVC、FEV1.0、FEV2.0、FEV3.0、FEF25-75%、IC、ERV和TLC。PAN/O3暴露后的减少量平均比O3暴露后的减少量高出10%。...
/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ The metabolic and pulmonary function effects were investigated in 10 nonsmoking, young adult men who were exposed for 2 hr (20 degrees C...) to 4 conditions: (1) filtered air (FA), (2) 0.30 ppm peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN), (3) 0.45 ppm ozone (O3), and (4) 0.45 ppm O3 + 0.30 ppm PAN (PAN/O3). The subjects alternated 15-min periods of rest and 20-min periods of bicycle ergometer exercise at a work load predetermined to elicit a ventilatory minute volume (VE) of 27 L/min (BTPS). Functional residual capacity (FRC) was determined pre- and postexposure. Forced vital capacity (FVC) was determined before and after exposure, and 5 min after each exercise period. Heart rate was monitored throughout the exposure, and (VE), oxygen uptake (VO2), respiratory rate (fR), and tidal volume (VT) were measured during the last 2 min of each exercise period. There were no changes in any variable consequent to FA or PAN exposure. The only metabolic changes to occur because of O3 and PAN/O3 exposure were a decrease in VT, a concomitant increase in fR, and consequently no change in VE. Both O3 and PAN/O3 induced significant (p < 0.05) decrements in FVC, FEV1.0, FEV2.0, FEV3.0, FEF25-75%, IC, ERV, and TLC. The decrements after PAN/O3 exposure averaged 10% greater than the decrements after O3 exposure. ...
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

安全信息

  • 海关编码:
    2915900090

SDS

SDS:21ff0a2a227d9ed624c4d80591e40b8b
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反应信息

  • 作为反应物:
    描述:
    硝基过氧乙酸酯氧气 作用下, 139.9 ℃ 、279.98 Pa 条件下, 生成 过氧基乙酰基
    参考文献:
    名称:
    CH 3 C(O)O 2和NO 3之间的反应在夜间对流层中重要吗?
    摘要:
    已使用装有激光感应荧光(LIF)池检测NO 2和多程吸收池检测NO 3的放电流系统来研究反应CH 3 C(O)O 2 + NO 3 → CH 3 C(O)O + NO 2 + O 2(1)在T = 403–443 K和P = 2–2.4托时。发现速率常数与温度无关,其值为k 1 =(4±1)×10 –12 cm 3分子–1 s –1。讨论了反应的可能机理。使用一系列模型研究了反应(1)的大气影响,并给出了一些案例研究,将模型结果与实际现场测量结果进行了比较。可以得出结论,反应(1)参与了一个可以在晚上生成OH的循环。这个反应周期(见正文)可以在整个大陆边界层上进行,甚至可能发生在偏远地区。
    DOI:
    10.1039/ft9969202211
  • 作为产物:
    描述:
    过氧乙酸硫酸硝酸 作用下, 以 various solvent(s) 为溶剂, 生成 硝基过氧乙酸酯
    参考文献:
    名称:
    过氧乙酰硝酸盐 (PAN) 夜间热分解促进一氧化氮和碳氢化合物的氧化
    摘要:
    PAN 在空气中一氧化氮和丙烯存在下的分解在 30 °C 和黑暗条件下进行了研究。随着丙烯初始浓度与一氧化氮初始浓度之比的增加,每个分解的PAN分子氧化的一氧化氮分子数从3.7到5以上不等。
    DOI:
    10.1246/cl.1994.251
  • 作为试剂:
    描述:
    吲哚-6-甲酸甲酯硝基过氧乙酸酯乙酸酐 作用下, 以90%的产率得到methyl 3-nitro-1H-indole-6-carboxylate
    参考文献:
    名称:
    Evaluation and Target Validation of Indole Derivatives as Inhibitors of the AcrAB-TolC Efflux Pump
    摘要:
    根据 TolC 结构设计并合成了吲哚衍生物 3-氨基-6-羧基-吲哚和 3-硝基-6-氨基-吲哚。事实证明,它们与氯霉素、四环素、红霉素和环丙沙星相比,对大肠杆菌 YD2 和 FJ307 具有很强的协同抗菌作用,最小抑菌浓度(MICs)降低了 2-64 倍。为了研究其功能位点,我们通过红色同源重组和定点突变技术构建了表达靶位点突变 TolC 的大肠杆菌 BL21(DE3)-3。这些化合物对 BL21(DE3)-3 的抗菌活性没有明显影响。所有结果都表明,这些化合物符合我们的设计,可以开发成 AcrAB-TolC 外排泵抑制剂。
    DOI:
    10.1271/bbb.100433
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文献信息

  • Branching Ratios for the Reaction of Selected Carbonyl-Containing Peroxy Radicals with Hydroperoxy Radicals
    作者:Alam S. Hasson、Geoffrey S. Tyndall、John J. Orlando、Sukhdeep Singh、Samuel Q. Hernandez、Sean Campbell、Yesenia Ibarra
    DOI:10.1021/jp211799c
    日期:2012.6.21
    important chemical sink for organic peroxy radicals (RO2) in the troposphere is reaction with hydroperoxy radicals (HO2). Although this reaction is typically assumed to form hydroperoxides as the major products (R1a), acetyl peroxy radicals and acetonyl peroxy radicals have been shown to undergo other reactions (R1b) and (R1c) with substantial branching ratios: RO2 + HO2 → ROOH + O2 (R1a), RO2 + HO2 →
    对流层中有机过氧自由基(RO 2)的重要化学吸收剂是与氢过氧自由基(HO 2)的反应。尽管通常假定该反应会形成氢过氧化物作为主要产物(R1a),但已证明乙酰基过氧自由基和丙酮基过氧自由基会进行其他反应(R1b)和(R1c),并具有明显的支化比:RO 2 + HO 2 →ROOH + O 2(R1a),RO 2 + HO 2 →ROH + O 3(R1b),RO 2 + HO 2 →RO + OH + O 2(R1c)。理论工作表明,反应(R1b)和(R1c)可能是酰基过氧和α-羰基过氧自由基的一般特征。在这项工作中,得出了六个含羰基的过氧自由基的R1a–R1c的支化比:C 2 H 5 C(O)O 2,C 3 H 7 C(O)O 2,CH 3 C(O)CH 2 O 2,CH 3 C(O)CH(O 2)CH 3,CH 2 ClCH(O 2)C(O)CH 3和CH 2 ClC(CH 3)(O 2
  • FTIR studies of the NO3 initiated degradation of but-2-yne: mechanism and rate constant determination
    作者:John G. Seland、Ingse M. W. Noremsaune、Claus J. Nielsen
    DOI:10.1039/ft9969203459
    日期:——
    The products and mechanism of the gas-phase reaction of NO3 radicals with but-2-yne in purified air have been investigated by FTIR spectroscopy. The experiments were carried out at 298 ± 3 K and 760 ± 5 Torr in a 250 l stainless-steel reactor in which NO3 was generated by the thermal dissociation of N2O5. Experiments with 15NO3 were also performed. Products include butadione, peroxyacetyl nitrate, ketene and acetic acid. Ketene was observed to react further with NO3 and this reaction was also investigated. The rate constants for the NO3 reaction with but-2-yne and ketene were determined by the relative-rate method as 7.0 ± 0.8 and 10.6 ± 1.3 × 10–14 cm3 molecule–1 s–1, respectively, using (E)-but-2-ene as a reference. Reaction mechanisms for the but-2-yne and the ketene degradations are proposed.
    通过傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)研究了在纯净空气中NO3自由基与丁-2-炔的气相反应的产物和机制。实验在298 ± 3 K和760 ± 5 Torr的条件下,在一个250升的不锈钢反应器中进行,其中NO3是通过N2O5的热解离生成的。还进行了15NO3的实验。产物包括丁二酮、过氧乙酸硝酸酯、酮烯和醋酸。观察到酮烯与NO3进一步反应,该反应也进行了研究。通过相对速率法测定了NO3与丁-2-炔和酮烯反应的速率常数,分别为7.0 ± 0.8和10.6 ± 1.3 × 10–14 cm3 molecule–1 s–1,使用(E)-丁-2-烯作为参考。提出了丁-2-炔和酮烯降解的反应机制。
  • Atmospheric Chemistry of Diethyl Methylphosphonate, Diethyl Ethylphosphonate, and Triethyl Phosphate
    作者:Sara M. Aschmann、Ernesto C. Tuazon、Roger Atkinson
    DOI:10.1021/jp0446938
    日期:2005.3.1
    Rate constants for the reactions of OH radicals and NO(3) radicals with diethyl methylphosphonate [DEMP, (C(2)H(5)O)(2)P(O)CH(3)], diethyl ethylphosphonate [DEEP, (C(2)H(5)O)(2)P(O)C(2)H(5)], and triethyl phosphate [TEP, (C(2)H(5)O)(3)PO] have been measured at 296 +/- 2 K and atmospheric pressure of air using relative rate methods. The rate constants obtained for the OH radical reactions (in units
    OH自由基和NO(3)自由基与甲基二膦酸二乙酯[DEMP,(C(2)H(5)O)(2)P(O)CH(3)],乙基二膦酸二乙酯[DEEP,( C(2)H(5)O)(2)P(O)C(2)H(5)]和磷酸三乙酯[TEP,(C(2)H(5)O)(3)PO]具有使用相对速率方法在296 +/- 2 K和大气压力下测量。OH自由基反应获得的速率常数(单位为10(-11)cm(3)分子(-1)s(-1))如下:DEMP,5.78 +/- 0.24; 深度:6.45 +/- 0.27;和TEP,5.44 +/- 0.20。NO(3)自由基反应获得的速率常数(以10(-16)cm(3)分子(-1)s(-1)为单位)为:DEMP,3.7 +/- 1.1; 深,3.4 +/- 1.4; 和TEP,2.4 +/- 1.4。对于O(3)与DEMP,DEEP和TEP的反应,速率常数的上限< 确定每种化合物的6 x 1
  • Linear-Reactor-IR.-Matrix and Microwave Spectroscopy of the System O<sub>3</sub>/NO<sub>2</sub>/(<i>Z</i>)-2-Butene
    作者:Joseph Dommen、Martin Forster、Heidi Ruprecht、Alfred Bauder、Hans-Heinrich Günthard
    DOI:10.1002/hlca.19820650209
    日期:1982.3.17
    Besides the polyatomic products observed earlier in the gas-phase ozonolysis of (Z)-2-butene, the following products were identified; N2O5, HNO3, HNO4, CH3NO2, CH3ONO, CH3COONO2 and CH3COO2NO2 (peroxyacetyl nitrate, PAN). Matrix IR. spectra of N2O5, HNO3. CH3COONO, CH3COONO2 required for reference purposes are presented. It is shown that PAN-formation occurs already in the absence of light. A reaction scheme
    通过将线性反应器与红外光谱相结合,研究了气相系统O 3 / NO 2 /(Z)-2-丁烯中复杂反应产物的形成。报道了基质和微波斯塔克光谱学。除了早先在(Z)-2-丁烯的气相臭氧分解中观察到的多原子产物外,还鉴定出以下产物:N 2 O 5,HNO 3,HNO 4,CH 3 NO 2,CH 3 ONO,CH 3 COONO 2和CH 3 COO 2 NO 2(硝酸过氧乙酰基,PAN)。矩阵IR。N 2 O 5,HNO 3的光谱。提出了用于参考目的的CH 3 COONO,CH 3 COONO 2。已经表明,PAN的形成已经在不存在光的情况下发生。为了解释观察到的含NO x的复杂产物,提出了一种反应方案,该方案假定甲基二环氧乙烷为中心中间体。将讨论该方案的特定反应步骤,包括反应焓的热化学估计。
  • Cold-Surface Photochemistry of Selected Organic Nitrates
    作者:Daniel O’Sullivan、Ryan P. McLaughlin、Kevin C. Clemitshaw、John R. Sodeau
    DOI:10.1021/jp5065424
    日期:2014.10.23
    nitrate (PAN), were examined. For the alkyl nitrates, similar photolysis products were observed whether they were deposited neat to the gold substrate or codeposited with water. In addition to peaks associated with the formation of an aldehyde/ketone and NO, a peak near 2230 cm–1 was found to emerge in the RAIR spectra upon UV photolysis of the thin films. Together with evidence obtained by thermal
    反射吸收红外(RAIR)光谱法已首次用于探索与大气有关的有机硝酸盐的低温冷凝相光化学。检查了硝酸硝酸烷基酯,硝酸甲基,异丙基和异丁酯以及硝酸过氧酰基硝酸酯,过氧乙酰硝酸盐(PAN)。对于硝酸烷基酯,观察到类似的光解产物,无论它们是纯净沉积在金基质上还是与水共沉积。除了与醛/酮和NO的形成有关的峰外,在薄膜的UV光解作用下,RAIR光谱中还发现了2230 cm –1附近的峰。连同通过热程序解吸(TPD)获得的证据一起,该峰归因于一氧化二氮N 2的形成O,在光解过程中作为产物生成。基于已知的烷基硝酸盐的气相光化学,提出了涉及形成硝酰基(HNO)的中间途径以导致观察到的N 2 O光产物。对于过氧乙酰硝酸盐,在光分解时观察到CO 2是主要产物。另外,还发现归因于硝酸甲酯形成的RAIR吸收在光解时出现。类似于已知的PAN气相和基质分离相的光化学反应,硝酸甲酯的形成可能是由于光解过程中薄膜内部产生的烷氧基和二氧化氮的结合所致。
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