5'-amino-17-cyclopropylmethyl-6,7-didehydro-4,5α-epoxy-3,14-dihydroxyindolo[2',3':6,7]morphinan | 126898-43-9

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 生物碱及其衍生物 - 吗啡烷
• 英文名称: 5'-amino-17-cyclopropylmethyl-6,7-didehydro-4,5α-epoxy-3,14-dihydroxyindolo[2',3':6,7]morphinan
• 英文别名: (1S,2S,13R,21R)-7-amino-22-(cyclopropylmethyl)-14-oxa-11,22-diazaheptacyclo[13.9.1.01,13.02,21.04,12.05,10.019,25]pentacosa-4(12),5(10),6,8,15,17,19(25)-heptaene-2,16-diol
• CAS: 126898-43-9
• 化学式: C₂₆H₂₇N₃O₃
• 分子量: 429.519
• InChiKey: KMCQRXAYWIILLB-IFKAHUTRSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  2.6
• 重原子数：
  32
• 可旋转键数：
  2
• 环数：
  8.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.46
• 拓扑面积：
  94.7
• 氢给体数：
  4
• 氢受体数：
  5

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  5'-amino-17-cyclopropylmethyl-6,7-didehydro-4,5α-epoxy-3,14-dihydroxyindolo[2',3':6,7]morphinan 在 三乙胺 、 三氟乙酸 、 mercury dichloride 作用下， 以 二氯甲烷 、 N,N-二甲基甲酰胺 为溶剂， 反应 49.0h， 生成 GNTI
  参考文献：
  名称：

  κ阿片受体的有效和选择性吲哚吗啡拮抗剂。

  摘要：

  δ-阿片样物质拮抗剂纳曲酮（2，NTI）中的吲哚部分被用作支架，以保持与κ-阿片样物质受体相互作用的“地址”。地址与吲哚部分5'-位的连接是基于NTI在κ拮抗剂降冰片碱（1，norBNI）上的叠加。为了研究其与κ受体上的阴离子地址亚位Glu297的相互作用，采用了各种阳离子基团作为κ地址。用于该目的的一些基团是胺，am，胍和季铵。在平滑肌制剂中进行测试时，发现该系列成员具有​​不同程度的kappa拮抗剂效力和kappa选择性。5' -胍衍生物12a（GNTI）是该系列中最有效的成员，并且具有最高的κ选择性比。GNTI的效力是norBNI的2倍，选择性高6-10倍（1）。通常，该系列中效力的顺序是：胍> approximately近似为季铵>胺。κ拮抗剂效力似乎是pK（a）和配体阳离子取代基的距离限制的组合的函数。受体结合研究在质量上与药理学数据一致。对12a的分子建模研究表明，GNTI的质

  DOI：

  10.1021/jm0000665
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  盐酸纳曲酮 在 镍 盐酸 、 一水合肼 、 溶剂黄146 作用下， 以 乙醇 为溶剂， 反应 170.0h， 生成 5'-amino-17-cyclopropylmethyl-6,7-didehydro-4,5α-epoxy-3,14-dihydroxyindolo[2',3':6,7]morphinan
  参考文献：
  名称：

  κ阿片受体的有效和选择性吲哚吗啡拮抗剂。

  摘要：

  δ-阿片样物质拮抗剂纳曲酮（2，NTI）中的吲哚部分被用作支架，以保持与κ-阿片样物质受体相互作用的“地址”。地址与吲哚部分5'-位的连接是基于NTI在κ拮抗剂降冰片碱（1，norBNI）上的叠加。为了研究其与κ受体上的阴离子地址亚位Glu297的相互作用，采用了各种阳离子基团作为κ地址。用于该目的的一些基团是胺，am，胍和季铵。在平滑肌制剂中进行测试时，发现该系列成员具有​​不同程度的kappa拮抗剂效力和kappa选择性。5' -胍衍生物12a（GNTI）是该系列中最有效的成员，并且具有最高的κ选择性比。GNTI的效力是norBNI的2倍，选择性高6-10倍（1）。通常，该系列中效力的顺序是：胍> approximately近似为季铵>胺。κ拮抗剂效力似乎是pK（a）和配体阳离子取代基的距离限制的组合的函数。受体结合研究在质量上与药理学数据一致。对12a的分子建模研究表明，GNTI的质

  DOI：

  10.1021/jm0000665

文献信息

• Guanidino N-Substituted and N,N-Disubstituted Derivatives of the κ-Opioid Antagonist GNTI
  作者：Shannon L. Black、Cedric Chauvignac、Peter Grundt、Carl N. Miller、Susan Wood、John R. Traynor、John W. Lewis、Stephen M. Husbands

  DOI：10.1021/jm0309203

  日期：2003.12.1

  Derivatives of the highly selective kappa-opioid receptor antagonist GNTI (2a) have been prepared. Binding and functional studies conducted on cloned human opioid receptors expressed in Chinese hamster ovarian (CHO) cells suggested that adding a benzyl or a substituted benzyl group to the guanidino moiety led, in general, to a retention of high kappa-affinity and antagonist potency. Disubstitution of the guanidino moiety led to reduced kappa-selectivity.
• Investigation of Inactive-State κ Opioid Receptor Homodimerization via Single-Molecule Microscopy Using New Antagonistic Fluorescent Probes
  作者：Antonios Drakopoulos、Zsombor Koszegi、Yann Lanoiselée、Harald Hübner、Peter Gmeiner、Davide Calebiro、Michael Decker

  DOI：10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b02011

  日期：2020.4.9

  Opioid receptors (ORs) are among the best-studied G protein-coupled receptors due to their involvement in neurological disorders and important role in pain treatment. Contrary to the classical monomeric model, indirect evidence suggests that ORs might form dimers, which could be endowed with a distinct pharmacological profile, and, thus, be targeted to develop innovative pharmacological therapies. However, direct evidence for the spontaneous formation of OR dimers in living cells under physiological conditions is missing. Despite a growing interest in the. opioid receptor (KOR), KOR-selective fluorescent probes are particularly scarce in the literature. Herein, we present the first set of fluorescent KOR-selective probes with antagonistic properties. Two of these were employed in single-molecule microscopy (SMM) experiments to investigate KOR homodimerization, localization, and trafficking. Our findings indicate that most KORs labeled with the new fluorescent probes are present as apparently freely diffusing monomers on the surface of a simple cell model.
• A Bivalent Ligand (KDN-21) Reveals Spinal δ and κ Opioid Receptors Are Organized as Heterodimers That Give Rise to δ₁ and <i>κ</i>₂ Phenotypes. Selective Targeting of δ−κ Heterodimers
  作者：Rashmi G. Bhushan、Shiv K. Sharma、Zhihua Xie、David J. Daniels、Philip S. Portoghese

  DOI：10.1021/jm0342358

  日期：2004.6.1

  In view of recent pharmacological studies suggesting the existence of delta-kappa opioid receptor heterodimers/oligomers in the spinal cord, we have synthesized and evaluated (intrathecally in mice) a series of bivalent ligands (KDN series) containing kappa and delta antagonist pharmacophores. Pharmacological and binding data have provided evidence for the bridging of spinal delta-kappa receptor heterodimers by KDN-21 and for their identification as delta(1) and kappa(2). The selectivity profile of KDN-21 and the apparent absence of coupled delta(1)-kappa(2) phenotypes in the brain suggest a new approach for targeting receptors.
• .delta. Opioid antagonist activity and binding studies of regioisomeric isothiocyanate derivatives of naltrindole: evidence for .delta. receptor subtypes
  作者：P. S. Portoghese、M. Sultana、W. L. Nelson、P. Klein、A. E. Takemori

  DOI：10.1021/jm00100a014

  日期：1992.10

  The isothiocyanate group was attached to the 4'-, 5'-, 6'-, or 7'-position of naltrindole in an effort to determine the importance of the position of this electrophilic group on the selectivity for subtypes of delta opioid receptors. All of the ligands were delta-selective when tested against standard agonists in smooth muscle preparations. However, the rank-order delta antagonism of antinociception in mice did not parallel the in vitro pharmacologic data. The 5'-isothiocyanate 2 was the most potent and selective antagonist in vivo, causing a 52-fold increase of the ED50 for [D-Ser2,D-Leu5]enkephalin-Thr6 (DSLET) and no increase for [D-Pen2,D-Pen5]enkephalin (DPDPE). The effect of each of the ligands on the binding of [H-3]DSLET and [H-3]DPDPE to guinea pig brain membranes clearly differentiated between the binding sites that recognize these radioligands. These studies provide additional evidence for the presence of two subtypes of delta opioid receptors.
• Transformation of a κ-Opioid Receptor Antagonist to a κ-Agonist by Transfer of a Guanidinium Group from the 5‘- to 6‘-Position of Naltrindole
  作者：Shiv Kumar Sharma、Robert M. Jones、Thomas G. Metzger、David M. Ferguson、Philip S. Portoghese

  DOI：10.1021/jm010095v

  日期：2001.6.1

  The importance of the indole scaffold of GNTI 3 in directing its address (5'-guanidinium group) to associate with the Glu297 residue of the Ic-opioid receptor was investigated by the synthesis and biological evaluation of its 4'- (4a), 6'- (4b), and 7'- (4c) regioisomers. The finding that only the 5'-regioisomer (GNTI) possessed potent K-opioid antagonist activity and high affinity at K-receptors illustrates the importance of the 5'-position in orienting the guanidinium group to the proper recognition locus (Glu 297) for potent K-antagonist activity. The discovery that the 6'-regioisomer of GNTI was a potent K-agonist, together with the results of site-directed mutagenesis studies that are consistent with association between the 6'-guanidinium group and Glu297, suggest that the transition from an inactive to an active state of the,c-receptor involves a conformational change of TM6. We propose that association of the 6'-guanidinium group of 4b with Glu297 promotes axial rotational motion of transmembrane helix VI which leads to receptor activation via a conformational change of inner loop 3.