Synthesis and herbicidal activity of isoxazoledicarboxylic acid derivatives
摘要:
AbstractStarting from bulk chemicals, novel isoxazoledicarboxylic acid esters were prepared and converted to the corresponding dicarboxylic acid mono‐amides in a few reaction steps and in high overall yields. Key intermediates for the cycloaddition step were chlorooximinoacetates or amides as nitrile oxide equivalents, prepared in one‐pot reactions from diketene or acetoacetic acid esters. Isoxazoledicarboxylic acid monoamides combined good herbicidal activity with chemical flexibility. They were characterized as inhibitors of photosynthesis. Particularly, they affected the photosynthetic electron transport in photosystem II and the rate of carbon dioxide assimilation. Applied post‐emergence, the new compounds were found to control a broad spectrum of key weeds in corn. Excellent activity was found on Abutilon theophrasti (L.) Medik., Amaranthus retroflexus L., Chenopodium album L., Ipomoea spp., Polygonum persicaria L., Solanum nigrum L. and Xanthium strumarium L. with rates between 0.2 and 0.5 kg ha−1. As a side‐effect, the compounds also showed activity against grass weeds. The compounds are excellent tank‐mix partners, e.g. for sulfonyl‐ureas, to complete the weed spectrum (Chenopodium album L., Solanum nigrum L.) and/or to reduce the risk of developing herbicide‐resistant weeds.
Synthesis and herbicidal activity of isoxazoledicarboxylic acid derivatives
摘要:
AbstractStarting from bulk chemicals, novel isoxazoledicarboxylic acid esters were prepared and converted to the corresponding dicarboxylic acid mono‐amides in a few reaction steps and in high overall yields. Key intermediates for the cycloaddition step were chlorooximinoacetates or amides as nitrile oxide equivalents, prepared in one‐pot reactions from diketene or acetoacetic acid esters. Isoxazoledicarboxylic acid monoamides combined good herbicidal activity with chemical flexibility. They were characterized as inhibitors of photosynthesis. Particularly, they affected the photosynthetic electron transport in photosystem II and the rate of carbon dioxide assimilation. Applied post‐emergence, the new compounds were found to control a broad spectrum of key weeds in corn. Excellent activity was found on Abutilon theophrasti (L.) Medik., Amaranthus retroflexus L., Chenopodium album L., Ipomoea spp., Polygonum persicaria L., Solanum nigrum L. and Xanthium strumarium L. with rates between 0.2 and 0.5 kg ha−1. As a side‐effect, the compounds also showed activity against grass weeds. The compounds are excellent tank‐mix partners, e.g. for sulfonyl‐ureas, to complete the weed spectrum (Chenopodium album L., Solanum nigrum L.) and/or to reduce the risk of developing herbicide‐resistant weeds.
In Situ Generation of Nitrile Oxides from NaCl–Oxone Oxidation of Various Aldoximes and Their 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition
作者:Guodong Zhao、Lixin Liang、Chi Ho Ethan Wen、Rongbiao Tong
DOI:10.1021/acs.orglett.8b03829
日期:2019.1.4
generation of nitrileoxides through NaCl/Oxone oxidation of aldoximes and their dipolar cycloaddition. The key feature is the use of a green chemistry approach to address the substrate scope of aldoximes: broad scope (aliphatic, aromatic, and alkenyl aldoximes) without production of organic byproducts derived from oxidant and/or catalyst. Importantly, NaCl/Oxone-promoted three-component cycloaddition of aldehyde
Cyanoisoxazoles of the formula Ia or Ib ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, phenyl; R.sup.2 is hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl and R.sup.3 is alkoxy, alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkenyl, alkynyl or phenyl, it being possible for the organic radicals mentioned under R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 to be substituted in each case. The compounds of the Formula Ia or Ib are useful as herbicides.