形成 C N 键的常见途径是铜催化的 Ullmann 型反应。反应中通常使用相对昂贵且易氧化的铜(I)。我们小组发现,通过X射线光电子能谱(XPS)测量,“维生素C/甘油”还原系统可以将廉价且稳定的CuO转化为活性低价态铜,从而促进CN偶联反应。特别是在CuO和CuO的存在下得到了2-苯基吲哚、吡咯并[1,2- a ]喹喔啉、1,2,4-三唑和4-氨基-7H-吡咯并[2,3 - d ]嘧啶衍生物。还原系统“维生素C/甘油”。该方法为N的制备提供了一种简单且具有成本效益的方法-芳基化产物。
Cross-Coupling Reactions of Aryl Halides with Amines, Phenols, and Thiols Catalyzed by an N,N′-Dioxide-Copper(I) Catalytic System
作者:Haitao Yang、Chao Xi、Zhiwei Miao、Ruyu Chen
DOI:10.1002/ejoc.201100274
日期:2011.6
reactions of various N, O, and S nucleophilic reagents with aryl halides have been successfully carried out under mild conditions by using a novel chiral N,N′-dioxide–copper(I) catalytic system as the catalyst. This versatile and efficient catalyst system has been demonstrated to facilitate the cross-coupling reactions of aryl halides with amines,phenols, and thiols to afford the corresponding desired
通过使用新型手性 N,N'-二氧化物-铜 (I) 催化体系作为催化剂,各种 N、O 和 S 亲核试剂与芳基卤化物的偶联反应已在温和条件下成功进行。这种多功能且高效的催化剂体系已被证明可促进芳基卤化物与胺、酚和硫醇的交叉偶联反应,从而以良好至极好的收率提供相应的所需产物。
3-(Diphenylphosphino)propanoic acid: An efficient ligand for the Cu-catalyzed N-arylation of imidazoles and 1H-pyrazole with aryl halides
作者:Ya-Shuai Liu、Yan Liu、Xiao-Wei Ma、Ping Liu、Jian-Wei Xie、Bin Dai
DOI:10.1016/j.cclet.2014.01.042
日期:2014.5
Abstract 3-(Diphenylphosphino)propanoic acid ( L2 ) has proved to be an efficientligand for the copper-catalyzed C N coupling reactions. N -arylation of imidazoles with aryl iodides catalyzed by CuCl/ L2 was smoothly carried out in DMSO at 100 °C with a yield up to 98%. N -arylation of 1 H -pyrazole with aryl iodides and bromides catalyzed by Cu(OAc) 2 / L2 in 1,4-dioxane also gave the corresponding
Spectroscopic Studies of the Chan–Lam Amination: A Mechanism-Inspired Solution to Boronic Ester Reactivity
作者:Julien C. Vantourout、Haralampos N. Miras、Albert Isidro-Llobet、Stephen Sproules、Allan J. B. Watson
DOI:10.1021/jacs.6b12800
日期:2017.4.5
of amine and organoboron reactivity issues, and the origin of competing oxidation/protodeboronation side reactions. Identification of key mechanistic events has allowed the development of a simple solution to these issues: manipulating Cu(I) → Cu(II) oxidation and exploiting three synergistic roles of boric acid has allowed the development of a general catalytic Chan-Lam amination, overcoming long-standing
Copper powder-catalyzed N-arylation of imidazoles in water using 2-(hydrazinecarbonyl)pyridine N-oxides as the new ligands
作者:Feng-Tian Wu、Nan-Nan Yan、Ping Liu、Jian-Wei Xie、Yan Liu、Bin Dai
DOI:10.1016/j.tetlet.2014.04.039
日期:2014.5
2-(2-Hydrazinecarbonyl)pyridine N-oxides, which were derived from pyrrole-2-carbohydrazides and pyridine N-oxides, were synthesized and utilized as the ligands for copper powder-catalyzed N-arylation of imidazoles with aryl halides in water. Imidazoles could be arylated smoothly with various aryl halides to provide the title products in preferable yields without the need of an inert atmosphere.
Ligand-Free Copper-Catalyzed Arylation of Imidazole and<i>N,N</i>′-Carbonyldiimidazole, and Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of<i>N</i>-Aryl-1<i>H</i>-imidazoles
作者:Xiao-Dong Yang、Liang Li、Hong-Bin Zhang
DOI:10.1002/hlca.200890156
日期:2008.8
Microwave-assistedarylation of 1H-imidazoles and N,N′-carbonyldiimidazole under ligand-free copper-mediated conditions in tetraethyl orthosilicate is reported. Valuable evidence for understanding of the Cu-catalyzed mechanism of the Ullmann reaction is also presented.