Pilocarpine Prodrugs I. Synthesis, Physicochemical Properties and Kinetics of Lactonization of Pilocarpic Acid Esters
作者:Hans Bundgaard、Erik Falch、Glaus Larsen、Thomas J. Mikkelson
DOI:10.1002/jps.2600750109
日期:1986.1
Various alkyl and aralkyl esters of pilocarpic acid were synthesized and evaluated as prodrug forms for pilocarpine with the purpose of improving the ocular bioavailability of pilocarpine through increased corneal membrane permeability. The esters were found to undergo a quantitative cyclization to pilocarpine in aqueous solution of pH 3.5-10, the rate of cyclization being a function of the polar and
合成了多种果皮果酸烷基酯和芳烷基酯,并作为果皮果品的前体药物形式进行了评估,目的是通过增加角膜的通透性来改善果皮果品的眼生物利用度。发现该酯在pH 3.5-10的水溶液中经历定量环化成毛果芸香碱,环化速率是该酯的醇部分内的极性和空间效应的函数。在所研究的pH范围内,内酯化的速率与氢氧根离子活性成比例地增加,这与涉及醇盐离子对酯羰基部分的分子内亲核攻击的反应机理一致。在pH 7.4和37摄氏度下,观察到各种酯的内酯化半衰期为30分钟(对氯苄基酯)至1105分钟(正己基酯)。酯比毛果芸香碱明显更具亲脂性。结果表明,果皮酸酯可能是潜在有用的前药,尤其是当进一步衍生化以产生体外稳定的果皮二酯时。