Artepillin C isoprenomics: Design and synthesis of artepillin C isoprene analogues as lipid peroxidation inhibitor having low mitochondrial toxicity
摘要:
We designed and synthesized isoprene analogues of artepillin C, a major component of Brazilian propolis, and investigated the inhibitory activity on lipid peroxidation of rat liver mitochondria (RLM) and RLM toxicity based on isoprenomics. We succeeded in the synthesis of artepillin C isoprene analogues using regioselective prenylation within the range from 22% to 53% total yield. Reactivity of artepillin C and its isoprene analogues with ABTS (2,2'-Azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate)) radical cations showed only a slight difference among the molecules. The isoprene side-chain elongation analogues of artepillin C showed almost the same inhibitory activity against RLM lipid peroxidation as artepillin C. Artepillin C and its isoprene analogues had very weak RLM uncoupling activity. Moreover, artepillin C and its isoprene analogues exhibited a lower inhibitory activity against adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) synthesis by about two orders of magnitude than the effective inhibitory activity against RLM lipid peroxidation. From these results we conclude that artepillin C isoprene analogues could be potent lipid peroxidation inhibitors having low mitochondrial toxicity. We also conclude that elongation of the isoprene side chain of artepillin C to increase lipophilicity had little influence on the inhibitory activity toward RLM lipid peroxidation. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
The anti-microbial natural product Plicatin B has been synthesized in 53% overall yield using a Heck reaction as the key step. The optimum conditions for this reaction have been determined. Halophenols proved much less reactive than their corresponding acetates.
Diterpene glycosides and other constituents from argentinian baccharis species
作者:C. Zdero、F. Bohlmann、R.M. King、H. Robinson
DOI:10.1016/s0031-9422(00)83754-1
日期:1986.1
investigation of the aerial parts of nine Baccharis species from Argentina gave 37 new compounds, seven ent -clerodanes, 13 ent -labdanes, two friedolabdanes, a nor-labdane ketone, seven coumaric acid derivatives, two umbelliferone derivatives, a flavanone, three sesquiterpenes including a nor-furanocadinene and a propiophenone derivative. Ten of the diterpenes were glycosides. The structures and the configurations
Synthesis of phenolic natural products using palladium catalyzed coupling reactions
作者:Roderick W. Bates、Christine J. Gabel、Jianhua Ji、Thota Rama-Devi
DOI:10.1016/0040-4020(95)00441-a
日期:1995.7
Derivatives of 2,4-diiodophenol are shown to undergo palladium catalyzed carbonylation and alkyne coupling reactions in excellent to moderate yield and high regioselectivity. The scope of these reactions is explored. Palladium catalyzed reactions are employed as the key steps in the synthesis of three phenolic natural products: Plicatin B, Drupanin and Eutypine.