葡萄糖酸钙

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机氧化合物
• 中文名称: 葡萄糖酸钙
• 中文别名: 葡萄糖酸钙一水合物；D-葡萄糖酸钙一水合物
• 英文名称: calcium;(2R,3S,4R,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanoate;hydrate
• 化学式: C12H24CaO15
• 分子量: 448.39
• InChiKey: XLNFVCRGJZBQGX-XRDLMGPZSA-L

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  -10.86
• 重原子数：
  28
• 可旋转键数：
  12
• 环数：
  0.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.83
• 拓扑面积：
  284
• 氢给体数：
  11
• 氢受体数：
  15

ADMET

毒理性

• 眼睛症状

Redness.

Redness.

来源:ILO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSC)

毒理性

• 相互作用

过量同时使用酒精、咖啡因（通常指每天超过8杯咖啡）或烟草已被报告会减少钙的吸收。

Concurrent use of excessive amounts of /alcohol, caffeine (usually more than 8 cups of coffee a day), or tobacco/ has been reported to decrease calcium absorption.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 相互作用

使用雌激素的同时补充钙剂可能会增加钙的吸收，这在雌激素被开处方用于治疗绝经后骨质疏松症时具有治疗优势。/钙补充剂/

Concurrent use /of estrogens/ with calcium supplements may increase calcium absorption, which is used to therapeutic advantage when estrogens are prescribed for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. /Calcium supplements/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 相互作用

与钙补充剂同时使用可能会降低纤维素钠磷酸盐预防高钙尿症的效果。/钙补充剂/

Concurrent use with calcium supplements may decrease effectiveness of cellulose sodium phosphate in preventing hypercalciuria. /Calcium supplements/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 相互作用

同时使用其他含钙药物或含镁口服药物与钙补充剂可能会增加易感患者（主要是肾功能受损的患者）的血清钙或镁浓度，分别导致高钙血症或高镁血症。/钙补充剂/

Concurrent use /of other calcium-containing medications or oral magnesium-containing medications/ with calcium supplements may increase serum calcium or magnesium concentration in susceptible patients, mainly patients with impaired renal function, leading to hypercalcemia or hypermagnesemia, respectively. /Calcium supplements/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

吸收、分配和排泄

大约五分之一到三分之一的口服钙在小肠中被吸收，这取决于维生素D代谢物、肠腔内的pH值以及饮食因素，如钙与纤维或植酸的结合。当存在钙缺乏或患者饮食中钙含量低时，钙的吸收会增加。在患有胃酸过少或低胃酸的患者中，尤其是使用碳酸盐形式的钙时，钙的吸收可能会减少。/钙补充剂/

Approximately one-fifth to one-third of orally administered calcium is absorbed in the small intestine, depending on presence of vitamin D metabolites, pH in lumen, and on dietary factors, such as calcium binding to fiber or phytates. Calcium absorption is increased when a calcium deficiency is present or when a patient is on a low-calcium diet. In patients with achlorhydria or hypochlorhydria, calcium absorption, especially with the carbonate salt, may be reduced. /Calcium supplements/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

吸收、分配和排泄

消除：肾脏（20%）- 尿液中排出的量随钙吸收程度以及是否存在过度骨丢失或肾脏保存功能失败而变化。粪便（80%）- 主要由未吸收的钙组成，只有少量的内源性粪便钙排出。/钙补充剂/

Elimination: Renal (20%) - The amount excreted in the urine varies with degree of calcium absorption and whether there is excessive bone loss or failure of renal conservation. Fecal (80%) - Consists mainly of nonabsorbed calcium, with only a small amount of endogenous fecal calcium excreted. /Calcium supplements/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)