Cyclobutanon-diethylketal | 63049-41-2

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机氧化合物
• 英文名称: Cyclobutanon-diethylketal
• 英文别名: 1,1-Diethoxycyclobutane
• CAS: 63049-41-2
• 化学式: C₈H₁₆O₂
• 分子量: 144.214
• InChiKey: LAWFNIOAOGJKIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  1.5
• 重原子数：
  10
• 可旋转键数：
  4
• 环数：
  1.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  1.0
• 拓扑面积：
  18.5
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  2

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  Cyclobutanon-diethylketal 、 苯甲醇 在 mineral acid 作用下， 生成
  参考文献：
  名称：

  外用驱蚊剂。3.羧酰胺缩醛和缩酮以及相关的羰基加成衍生物。

  摘要：

  DOI：

  10.1002/jps.2600600116
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  乙醇 、 1-(甲硫基)环丁烷羧酸 在 N-氯代丁二酰亚胺 、 碳酸氢钠 作用下， 生成 Cyclobutanon-diethylketal
  参考文献：
  名称：

  2-甲基硫代乙酸和丙二酸二乙酯为酰基阴离子当量。番石榴酮的合成

  摘要：

  DOI：

  10.1016/s0040-4039(00)91276-0

文献信息

• [EN] 2,3,5-SUBSTITUTED BIPHENYLS USEFUL IN THE TREATMENT OF INSULIN RESISTANCE AND HYPERGLYCEMIA<br/>[FR] DIPHENYLES 2,3,5-SUBSTITUES UTILES POUR LE TRAITEMENT DE LA RESISTANCE INSULINIQUE ET DE L'HYPERGLYCEMIE
  申请人：AMERICAN HOME PRODUCTS CORPORATION

  公开号：WO1999061410A1

  公开（公告）日：1999-12-02

  (EN) This invention provides compounds of Formula (I) having structure (I) wherein: B and D are each, independently, hydrogen, halogen, alkyl of 1-6 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl of 3-8 carbon atoms, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl of 6-12 carbon atoms, or heteroaralkyl of 6-12 carbon atoms except where B and D both are hydrogen; R1 is hydrogen, alkyl of 1-6 carbon atoms, -SO2Ph(OH)(CO2H), -CH(R2)W, -CH2CH2Y, or -CH2CH2CH2Y; R2 is hydrogen, alkyl of 1-6 carbon atoms, aralkyl of 6-12 carbon atoms, -CH2(1H-imidazol-4-yl), -CH2(3-1H-indolyl), -CH2CH2(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-isoindol-2-yl), -CH2CH2(1-oxo-1,3-dihydro-isoindol-2-yl), or -CH2(3-pyridyl); W is -CO2R3, -CONHOH, -CN, -CONHR3, aryl, heteroaryl, -CHO, -CH=NOR3, or -CH=NHNHR3; Y is -W, -OCH2CO2R3, aryl, heteroaryl, -C(=NOH)NH2, -OR3, -O(C=O)NR4R5, -NR3(C=O)OR3, -NR3(C=O)NR4R5, or -NR4R5; R3 is hydrogen or alkyl of 1-6 carbon atoms; R4 and R5 are each, independently, hydrogen, or alkyl of 1-6 carbon atoms or R4 and R5 are, together, -(CH2)n-, or -CH2CH2XCH2CH2-; X is O, S, SO, SO2, NR3, or CH2; n is 2 to 5; C is alkyl of 1-18 carbon atoms, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl of 6-20 carbon atoms, heteroaralkyl of 6-20 carbon atoms, -CONR6R7, -NR3CONR6R7, -NR3COR6, -OR6, -O2CNR6R7, -NR3CO2R6, -O2CR6, -CH2OR6, -NR6R7, -CR3=CR3R8, -CPh3, -CH2NR6R7, or Formula (1); R6 and R7 are each, independently, hydrogen, alkyl of 1-18 carbon atoms, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl of 6-20 carbon atoms, heteroaralkyl of 6-20 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl of 3-10 carbon atoms, -(CH2CH2O)nCH3, -(CH2)mA or R6 and R7 are, together, -(CH2)p-, -(CH2)2N(CH3)(CH2)4-, -(CH2)2N(R8)(CH2)2-, or -(CH2)2CH(R8)-(CH2)2-; R8 is hydrogen, alkyl of 1-18 carbon atoms, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl of 6-20 carbon atoms, heteroaralkyl of 6-20 carbon atoms, cycloakyl or 3-10 carbon atoms, -(CH2CH2O)nCH3, -(CH2CH2CH2O)nCH3, or -(CH2)mA; A is aryl, heteroaryl, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, arylthio, heteroarylthio, arylsulfoxy, heteroarylsulfoxy, arylsulfonyl, heteroarylsulfonyl, -CHF2, -CH2F, -CF3, -(CH2CH2O)nCH3, -(CH2CH2CH2O)nCH3, -CO2R3, -O(C=O)NR6R7, aralkyloxy, or heteroaralkyloxy; m is 2 to 16; p is 2 to 12; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, which are useful in treating metabolic disorders related to insulin resistance or hyperglycemia.(FR) L'invention se rapporte à des composés représentés par la formule (I) dans laquelle B et D sont chacun, indépendamment, hydrogène, halogène, alkyle de 1 à 6 atomes de carbone, cycloalkyle de 3 à 8 atomes de carbone, aryle, hétéroaryle, aralkyle de 6 à 12 atomes de carbone, ou hétéroaralkyle de 6 à 12 atomes de carbone sauf lorsque B et D sont tous deux hydrogène; R1 est hydrogène, alkyle de 1 à 6 atomes de carbone, -SO2Ph(OH)(CO2H), -CH(R2)W, -CH2CH2Y ou CH2CH2CH2Y; R2 est hydrogène, alkyle de 1 à 6 atomes de carbone, aralkyle de 6 à 12 atomes de carbone, -CH2(1H-imidazol-4-yle), -CH2(3-1H-indolyle), -CH2CH2(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-isoindol-2-yle), CH2CH2(1-oxo-1,3-dihydro-isoindol-2-yle) ou CH2(3-pyridyle); W est CO2R3, -CONHOH, -CN, -CONHR3, aryle, hétéroaryle, -CHO, -CH=NOR3 ou CH=NHNHR3; Y est W, -OCH2CO2R3, aryle, hétéroaryle, -C(=NOH)NH2, -OR3, -O(C=O)NR4R5, -NR3(C=O)OR3, -NR3(C=O)NR4R5 ou NR4R5; R3 est hydrogène ou alkyle de 1 à 6 atomes de carbone; R4 et R5 sont chacun, indépendamment, hydrogène ou alkyle de 1 à 6 atomes de carbone ou bien R4 et R5 sont, conjointement, -(CH2)n-, ou CH2CH2XCH2CH2- ; X est O, S, SO, SO2, NR3 ou CH2; n est compris entre 2 et 5; C est alkyle de 1 à 18 atomes de carbone, aryle, hétéroaryle, aralkyle de 6 à 20 atomes de carbone, hétéroaralkyle de 6 à 20 atomes de carbone, -CONR6R7, -NR3CONR6R7, -NR3COR6, -OR6, -O2CNR6R7, -NR3CO2R6, -O2CR6, -CH2OR6, -NR6R7, -CR3=CR3R8, -CPh3, -CH2NR6R7 ou bien le composé représenté par la figure (1); R6 et R7 sont chacun, indépendamment, hydrogène, alkyle de 1 à 18 atomes de carbone, aryle, hétéroaryle, aralkyle de 6 à 20 atomes de carbone, hétéroaralkyle de 6 à 20 atomes de carbone, cycloalkyle de 3 à 10 atomes de carbone, -(CH2CH2O)nCH3, -(CH2)mA ou bien R6 et R7 sont, conjointement, -(CH2)p-, -(CH2)2CH(R8)-(CH2)2-; R8 est hydrogène, alkyle de 1 à 18 atomes de carbone, aryle, hétéroaryle, aralkyle de 6 à 20 atomes de carbone, hétéroaralkyle de 6 à 20 atomes de carbone, cycloalkyle de 3 à 10 atomes de carbone, -(CH2CH2O)nCH3, -(CH2CH2CH2O)nCH3, -(CH2CH2CH2O)nCH3 ou -(CH2)mA ; A est aryle, hétéroaryle, aryloxy, hétéroaryloxy, arylthio, hétéroarylthio, arylsulfoxy, hétéroarylsulfoxy, arylsulfonyle, hétéroarylsulfonyle, -CHF2, -CH2F, -CF3, -(CH2CH2O)nCH3, -(CH2CH2CH2O)nCH3, -CO2R3, -O(C=O)NR6R7, aralkyloxy ou hétéroaralkyloxy; m est compris entre 2 et 16; p est compris entre 2 et 12. L'invention se rapporte également à un sel pharmaceutiquement acceptable de ces composés, qui s'avèrent utiles pour le traitement des troubles métaboliques associés à la résistance insulinique ou l'hyperglycémie.

  本发明提供了具有结构式（I）的化合物，其中：B和D各自独立地为氢、卤素、1-6个碳原子的烷基、3-8个碳原子的环烷基、芳基、杂芳基、6-12个碳原子的芳基烷基或6-12个碳原子的杂芳基烷基，但当B和D都为氢时除外；R1为氢、1-6个碳原子的烷基、-SO2Ph(OH)(CO2H)、-CH(R2)W、-CH2CH2Y或-CH2CH2CH2Y；R2为氢、1-6个碳原子的烷基、6-12个碳原子的芳基烷基、-CH2(1H-咪唑-4-基)、-CH2(3-1H-吲哚基)、-CH2CH2(1,3-二氧代-1,3-二氢异吲哚-2-基)、-CH2CH2(1-氧代-1,3-二氢异吲哚-2-基)或-CH2(3-吡啶基)；W为-CO2R3、-CONHOH、-CN、-CONHR3、芳基、杂芳基、-CHO、-CH=NOR3或-CH=NHNHR3；Y为-W、-OCH2CO2R3、芳基、杂芳基、-C(=NOH)NH2、-OR3、-O(C=O)NR4R5、-NR3(C=O)OR3、-NR3(C=O)NR4R5或-NR4R5；R3为氢或1-6个碳原子的烷基；R4和R5各自独立地为氢或1-6个碳原子的烷基，或者R4和R5在一起为-(CH2)n-或-CH2CH2XCH2CH2-；X为O、S、SO、SO2、NR3或CH2；n为2至5；C为1-18个碳原子的烷基、芳基、杂芳基、6-20个碳原子的芳基烷基、6-20个碳原子的杂芳基烷基、-CONR6R7、-NR3CONR6R7、-NR3COR6、-OR6、-O2CNR6R7、-NR3CO2R6、-O2CR6、-CH2OR6、-NR6R7、-CR3=CR3R8、-CPh3、-CH2NR6R7或式（1）；R6和R7各自独立地为氢、1-18个碳原子的烷基、芳基、杂芳基、6-20个碳原子的芳基烷基、6-20个碳原子的杂芳基烷基、3-10个碳原子的环烷基、-(CH2CH2O)nCH3、-(CH2)mA或者R6和R7在一起为-(CH2)p-、-(CH2)2N(CH3)(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2N(R8)(CH2)2-或-(CH2)2CH(R8)-(CH2)2-；R8为氢、1-18个碳原子的烷基、芳基、杂芳基、6-20个碳原子的芳基烷基、6-20个碳原子的杂芳基烷基、3-10个碳原子的环烷基、-(CH2CH2O)nCH3、-(CH2CH2CH2O)nCH3或-(CH2)mA；A为芳基、杂芳基、芳氧基、杂芳氧基、芳硫基、杂芳硫基、芳基磺酸氧基、杂芳基磺酸氧基、芳基磺酰基、杂芳基磺酰基、-CHF2、-CH2F、-CF3、-(CH2CH2O)nCH3、-(CH2CH2CH2O)nCH3、-CO2R3、-O(C=O)NR6R7、芳基烷氧基或杂芳基烷氧基；m为2至16；p为2至12；或其药学上可接受的盐，用于治疗与胰岛素抵抗或高血糖有关的代谢障碍。
• 2, 3, 5-substituted biphenyls useful in the treatment of insulin resistance and hyperglycemia
  申请人：——

  公开号：US20010018525A1

  公开（公告）日：2001-08-30

  This invention provides compounds of Formula I having the structure 1 wherein: B and D are each, independently, hydrogen, halogen, alkyl of 1-6 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl of 3-8 carbon atoms, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl of 6-12 carbon atoms, or heteroaralkyl of 6-12 carbon atoms except where B and D both are hydrogen; R 1 is hydrogen, alkyl of 1-6 carbon atoms, —SO 2 Ph(OH)(CO 2 H), —CH(R 2 )W; —CH 2 CH 2 Y, or —CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 Y; R 2 is hydrogen, alkyl of 1-6 carbon atoms, aralkyl of 6-12 carbon atoms, —CH 2 (1H-imidazol-4-yl), —CH 2 (3-1H-indolyl), —CH 2 CH 2 (1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-isoindol-2-yl), —CH 2 CH 2 (1-oxo-1,3-dihydro-isoindol-2-yl), or —CH 2 (3-pyridyl); W is —CO 2 R 3 , —CONHOH, —CN, —CONHR 3 , aryl, heteroaryl, —CHO, —CH═NOR 3 , or —CH═NHNHR 3 ; Y is —W, —OCH 2 CO 2 R 3 , aryl, heteroaryl, —C(═NOH)NH 2 , —OR 3 , —O(C═O)NR 4 R 5 , —NR 3 (C═O)OR 3 , —NR 3 (C═O)NR 4 R 5 , or —NR 4 R 5 ; R 3 is hydrogen or alkyl of 1-6 carbon atoms; R 4 and R 5 are each, independently, hydrogen, or alkyl of 1-6 carbon atoms or R 4 and R 5 are, together, —(CH 2 ) n —, or —CH 2 CH 2 XCH 2 CH 2 —; X is O, S, SO, SO 2 , NR 3 , or CH 2 ; n is 2 to 5; C is alkyl of 1-18 carbon atoms, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl of 6-20 carbon atoms, heteroaralkyl of 6-20 carbon atoms, —CONR 6 R 7 , —NR 3 CONR 6 R 7 , —NR 3 COR 6 , —OR 6 , —O 2 CNR 6 R 7 , —NR 3 CO 2 R 6 , —O 2 CR 6 , —CH 2 OR 6 , —NR 6 R 7 , —CR 3 ═CR 3 R 8 , —CPh 3 , —CH 2 NR 6 R 7 , or 2 R 6 and R 7 are each, independently, hydrogen, alkyl of 1-18 carbon atoms, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl of 6-20 carbon atoms, heteroaralkyl of 6-20 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl of 3-10 carbon atoms, —(CH 2 CH 2 O) n CH 3 , —(CH 2 ) m A or R 6 and R 7 are, together, —(CH 2 ) p —, —(CH 2 ) 2 N(CH 3 )(CH 2 ) 4 —, —(CH 2 ) 2 N(R 8 )(CH 2 ) 2 —, or —(CH 2 ) 2 CH(R 8 )—(CH 2 ) 2 —; R 8 is hydrogen, alkyl of 1-18 carbon atoms, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl of 6-20 carbon atoms, heteroaralkyl of 6-20 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl of 3-10 carbon atoms, —(CH 2 CH 2 O) n CH 3 , —(CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 O) n CH 3 , or —(CH 2 ) m A; A is aryl, heteroaryl, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, arylthio, heteroarylthio, arylsulfoxy, heteroarylsulfoxy, arylsulfonyl, heteroarylsulfonyl, —CHF 2 , —CH 2 F, —CF 3 , —(CH 2 CH 2 O) n CH 3 , —(CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 O) n CH 3 , —CO 2 R 3 , —O(C═O)NR 6 R 7 , aralkyloxy, or heteroaralkyloxy; m is 2 to 16 p is 2 to 12 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, which are useful in treating metabolic disorders related to insulin resistance or hyperglycemia.

  该发明提供了具有结构1的化合物，其中： B和D分别独立地为氢、卤素、1-6个碳原子的烷基、3-8个碳原子的环烷基、芳基、杂芳基、6-12个碳原子的芳基烷基或6-12个碳原子的杂芳基烷基，但当B和D均为氢时除外。 R1为氢、1-6个碳原子的烷基、-SO2Ph(OH)(CO2H)、-CH(R2)W、-CH2CH2Y或-CH2CH2CH2Y。 R2为氢、1-6个碳原子的烷基、6-12个碳原子的芳基烷基、-CH2(1H-咪唑-4-基)、-CH2(3-1H-吲哚基)、-CH2CH2(1,3-二酮-1,3-二氢异吲哚-2-基)、-CH2CH2(1-酮-1,3-二氢异吲哚-2-基)或-CH2(3-吡啶基)。 W为-CO2R3、-CONHOH、-CN、-CONHR3、芳基、杂芳基、-CHO、-CH═NOR3或-CH═NHNHR3。 Y为-W、-OCH2CO2R3、芳基、杂芳基、-C(═NOH)NH2、-OR3、-O(C═O)NR4R5、-NR3(C═O)OR3、-NR3(C═O)NR4R5或-NR4R5。 R3为氢或1-6个碳原子的烷基。 R4和R5分别独立地为氢或1-6个碳原子的烷基，或者R4和R5在一起为-(CH2)n-或-CH2CH2XCH2CH2-，其中X为O、S、SO、SO2、NR3或CH2，n为2到5。 C为1-18个碳原子的烷基、芳基、杂芳基、6-20个碳原子的芳基烷基、6-20个碳原子的杂芳基烷基、-CONR6R7、-NR3CONR6R7、-NR3COR6、-OR6、-O2CNR6R7、-NR3CO2R6、-O2CR6、-CH2OR6、-NR6R7、-CR3═CR3R8、-CPh3、-CH2NR6R7或2R6和R7分别独立地为氢、1-18个碳原子的烷基、芳基、杂芳基、6-20个碳原子的芳基烷基、6-20个碳原子的杂芳基烷基、3-10个碳原子的环烷基、-(CH2CH2O)nCH3、-(CH2)mA，或者R6和R7在一起为-(CH2)p-、-(CH2)2N(CH3)(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2N(R8)(CH2)2-或-(CH2)2CH(R8)-(CH2)2-，其中R8为氢、1-18个碳原子的烷基、芳基、杂芳基、6-20个碳原子的芳基烷基、6-20个碳原子的杂芳基烷基、3-10个碳原子的环烷基、-(CH2CH2O)nCH3、-(CH2CH2CH2O)nCH3或-(CH2)mA；A为芳基、杂芳基、芳氧基、杂芳氧基、芳硫基、杂芳硫基、芳基亚磺酸基、杂芳基亚磺酸基、芳基磺酰基、杂芳基磺酰基、-CHF2、-CH2F、-CF3、-(CH2CH2O)nCH3、-(CH2CH2CH2O)nCH3、-CO2R3、-O(C═O)NR6R7、芳基烷氧基或杂芳基烷氧基；m为2到16；p为2到12。 或其药学上可接受的盐，适用于治疗与胰岛素抵抗或高血糖有关的代谢障碍。
• 2,3,5-substituted biphenyls useful in the treatment of insulin resistance and hyperglycemia
  申请人：Wyeth

  公开号：US20040214869A1

  公开（公告）日：2004-10-28

  This invention provides compounds of Formula I having the structure 1 wherein: B and D are each, independently, hydrogen, halogen, alkyl of 1-6 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl of 3-8 carbon atoms, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl of 6-12 carbon atoms, or heteroaralkyl of 6-12 carbon atoms except where B and D both are hydrogen; R 1 is hydrogen, alkyl of 1-6 carbon atoms, —SO 2 Ph(OH)(CO 2 H), —CH(R 2 )W, —CH 2 CH 2 Y, or —CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 Y; R 2 is hydrogen, alkyl of 1-6 carbon atoms, aralkyl of 6-12 carbon atoms, —CH 2 (1H-imidazol-4-yl), —CH 2 (3-1H-indolyl), —CH 2 CH 2 (1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-isoindol-2-yl), —CH 2 CH 2 (1-oxo-1,3-dihydro-isoindol-2-yl), or —CH 2 (3-pyridyl); W is —CO 2 R 3 , —CONHOH, —CN, —CONHR 3 , aryl, heteroaryl, —CHO, —CH═NOR 3 , or —CH═NHNHR 3 ; Y is —W, —OCH 2 CO 2 R 3 , aryl, heteroaryl, —C(═NOH)NH 2 , —OR 3 , —O(C═O)NR 4 R 5 , —NR 3 (C═O)OR 3 , —NR 3 (C═O)NR 4 R 5 , or —NR 4 R 5 ; R 3 is hydrogen or alkyl of 1-6 carbon atoms; R 4 and R 5 are each, independently, hydrogen, or alkyl of 1-6 carbon atoms or R 4 and R 5 are, together, —(CH 2 ) n —, or —CH 2 CH 2 XCH 2 CH 2 —; X is O, S, SO, SO 2 , NR 3 , or CH 2 ; n is 2 to 5; C is alkyl of 1-18 carbon atoms, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl of 6-20 carbon atoms, heteroaralkyl of 6-20 carbon atoms, —CONR 6 R 7 , —NR 3 CONR 6 R 7 , —NR 3 COR 6 , —OR 6 , —O 2 CNR 6 R 7 , —NR 3 CO 2 R 6 , —O 2 CR 6 , —CH 2 OR 6 , —NR 6 R 7 , —CR 3 ═CR 3 R 8 , —CPh 3 , —CH 2 NR 5 R 6 , or 2 R 6 and R 7 are each, independently, hydrogen, alkyl of 1-18 carbon atoms, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl of 6-20 carbon atoms, heteroaralkyl of 6-20 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl of 3-10 carbon atoms, —(CH 2 CH 2 O) n CH 3 , —(CH 2 ) m A or R 6 and R 7 are, together, —(CH 2 ) p —, —(CH 2 ) 2 N(CH 3 )(CH 2 ) 4 —, —(CH 2 ) 2 N(R 8 )(CH 2 ) 2 —, or —(CH 2 ) 2 CH(R 8 )—(CH 2 ) 2 —; R 8 is hydrogen, alkyl of 1-18 carbon atoms, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl of 6-20 carbon atoms, heteroaralkyl of 6-20 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl of 3-10 carbon atoms, —(CH 2 CH 2 O) n CH 3 , —(CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 O) n CH 3 , or —(CH 2 ) m A; A is aryl, heteroaryl, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, arylthio, heteroarylthio, arylsulfoxy, heteroarylsulfoxy, arylsulfonyl, heteroarylsulfonyl, —CHF 2 , —CH 2 F, —CF 3 , —(CH 2 CH 2 O) n CH 3 , —(CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 O) n CH 3 , —CO 2 R 3 , —O(C═O)NR 6 R 7 , aralkyloxy, or heteroaralkyloxy; m is 2 to 16 p is 2 to 12 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, which are useful in treating metabolic disorders related to insulin resistance or hyperglycemia.

  这项发明提供了具有结构1的化合物，其中：B和D各自独立地为氢、卤素、1-6个碳原子的烷基、3-8个碳原子的环烷基、芳基、杂芳基、6-12个碳原子的芳基烷基或6-12个碳原子的杂芳基烷基，但当B和D都为氢时除外；R1为氢、1-6个碳原子的烷基、-SO2Ph(OH)(CO2H)、-CH(R2)W、-CH2CH2Y或-CH2CH2CH2Y；R2为氢、1-6个碳原子的烷基、6-12个碳原子的芳基烷基、-CH2(1H-咪唑-4-基)、-CH2(3-1H-吲哚基)、-CH2CH2(1,3-二酮-1,3-二氢-异吲哚-2-基)、-CH2CH2(1-酮-1,3-二氢-异吲哚-2-基)或-CH2(3-吡啶基)；W为-CO2R3、-CONHOH、-CN、-CONHR3、芳基、杂芳基、-CHO、-CH═NOR3或-CH═NHNHR3；Y为-W、-OCH2CO2R3、芳基、杂芳基、-C(═NOH)NH2、-OR3、-O(C═O)NR4R5、-NR3(C═O)OR3、-NR3(C═O)NR4R5或-NR4R5；R3为氢或1-6个碳原子的烷基；R4和R5各自独立地为氢或1-6个碳原子的烷基，或R4和R5在一起为-(CH2)n-或-CH2CH2XCH2CH2-；X为O、S、SO、SO2、NR3或CH2；n为2至5；C为1-18个碳原子的烷基、芳基、杂芳基、6-20个碳原子的芳基烷基、6-20个碳原子的杂芳基烷基、-CONR6R7、-NR3CONR6R7、-NR3COR6、-OR6、-O2CNR6R7、-NR3CO2R6、-O2CR6、-CH2OR6、-NR6R7、-CR3═CR3R8、-CPh3、-CH2NR5R6或2R6和R7各自独立地为氢、1-18个碳原子的烷基、芳基、杂芳基、6-20个碳原子的芳基烷基、6-20个碳原子的杂芳基烷基、3-10个碳原子的环烷基、-(CH2CH2O)nCH3、-(CH2)mA或R6和R7在一起为-(CH2)p-、-(CH2)2N(CH3)(CH2)4-、-(CH2)2N(R8)(CH2)2-或-(CH2)2CH(R8)-(CH2)2-；R8为氢、1-18个碳原子的烷基、芳基、杂芳基、6-20个碳原子的芳基烷基、6-20个碳原子的杂芳基烷基、3-10个碳原子的环烷基、-(CH2CH2O)nCH3、-(CH2CH2CH2O)nCH3或-(CH2)mA；A为芳基、杂芳基、芳氧基、杂芳氧基、芳硫基、杂芳硫基、芳基磺酸氧基、杂芳基磺酸氧基、芳基磺酰基、杂芳基磺酰基、-CHF2、-CH2F、-CF3、-(CH2CH2O)nCH3、-(CH2CH2CH2O)nCH3、-CO2R3、-O(C═O)NR6R7、芳基烷氧基或杂芳基烷氧基；m为2至16；p为2至12；或其药学上可接受的盐，其可用于治疗与胰岛素抵抗或高血糖相关的代谢紊乱。
• 2,3,5-Substituted biphenyls useful in the treatment of insulin resistance and hyperglycemia
  申请人：Wyeth

  公开号：US20030083341A1

  公开（公告）日：2003-05-01

  This invention provides compounds of Formula I having the structure 1 wherein: B and D are each, independently, hydrogen, halogen, alkyl of 1-6 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl of 3-8 carbon atoms, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl of 6-12 carbon atoms, or heteroaralkyl of 6-12 carbon atoms except where B and D both are hydrogen; R 1 is hydrogen, alkyl of 1-6 carbon atoms, —SO 2 Ph(OH)(CO 2 H), —CH(R 2 )W, —CH 2 CH 2 Y, or —CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 Y; R 2 is hydrogen, alkyl of 1-6 carbon atoms, aralkyl of 6-12 carbon atoms, —CH 2 (1H-imidazol-4-yl), —CH 2 (3-1H-indolyl), —CH 2 CH 2 (1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-isoindol-2-yl), —CH 2 CH 2 (1-oxo-1,3-dihydro-isoindol-2-yl), or —CH 2 (3-pyridyl); W is —CO 2 R 3 , —CONHOH, —CN, —CONHR 3 , aryl, heteroaryl, —CHO, —CH═NOR 3 , or —CH═NHNHR 3 ; Y is —W, —OCH 2 CO 2 R 3 , aryl, heteroaryl, —C(═NOH)NH 2 , —OR 3 , —O(C═O)NR 4 R 5 , —NR 3 (C═O)OR 3 , —NR 3 (C═O)NR 4 R 5 , or —NR 4 R 5 ; R 3 is hydrogen or alkyl of 1-6 carbon atoms; R 4 and R 5 are each, independently, hydrogen, or alkyl of 1-6 carbon atoms or R 4 and R 5 are, together, —(CH 2 ) n —, or —CH 2 CH 2 XCH 2 CH 2 —; X is O, S, SO, SO 2 , NR 3 , or CH 2 ; n is 2 to 5; C is alkyl of 1-18 carbon atoms, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl of 6-20 carbon atoms, heteroaralkyl of 6-20 carbon atoms, —CONR 6 R 7 , —NR 3 CONR 6 R 7 , —NR 3 COR 6 , —OR 6 , —O 2 CNR 6 R 7 , —NR 3 CO 2 R 6 , —O 2 CR 6 , —CH 2 OR 6 , —NR 6 R 7 , —CR 3 ═CR 3 R 8 , —CPh 3 , —CH 2 NR 6 R 7 , or 2 R 6 and R 7 are each, independently, hydrogen, alkyl of 1-18 carbon atoms, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl of 6-20 carbon atoms, heteroaralkyl of 6-20 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl of 3-10 carbon atoms, —(CH 2 CH 2 O) n CH 3 , —(CH 2 ) m A or R 6 and R 7 are, together, —(CH 2 ) p —, —(CH 2 ) 2 N(CH 3 )(CH 2 ) 4 —, —(CH 2 ) 2 N(R 8 )(CH 2 ) 2 —, or —(CH 2 ) 2 CH(R 8 )—(CH 2 ) 2 —; R 8 is hydrogen, alkyl of 1-18 carbon atoms, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl of 6-20 carbon atoms, heteroaralkyl of 6-20 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl of 3-10 carbon atoms, —(CH 2 CH 2 O) n CH 3 , —(CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 O) n CH 3 , or —(CH 2 ) m A; A is aryl, heteroaryl, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, arylthio, heteroarylthio, arylsulfoxy, heteroarylsulfoxy, arylsulfonyl, heteroarylsulfonyl, —CHF 2 , —CH 2 F, —CF 3 , —(CH 2 CH 2 O) n CH 3 , —(CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 O) n CH 3 , —CO 2 R 3 , —O(C═O)NR 6 R 7 , aralkyloxy, or heteroaralkyloxy; m is 2 to 16 p is 2 to 12 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, which are useful in treating metabolic disorders related to insulin resistance or hyperglycemia.

  该发明提供了公式I的化合物，其结构为1其中：B和D各自独立地为氢、卤素、1-6碳原子的烷基、3-8碳原子的环烷基、芳基、杂芳基、6-12碳原子的芳基烷基或除B和D均为氢外的6-12碳原子的杂芳基烷基；R1为氢、1-6碳原子的烷基、—SO2Ph(OH)(CO2H)、—CH(R2)W、—CH2CH2Y或—CH2CH2CH2Y；R2为氢、1-6碳原子的烷基、6-12碳原子的芳基烷基、—CH2(1H-咪唑-4-基)、—CH2(3-1H-吲哚基)、—CH2CH2(1,3-二酮-1,3-二氢-异吲哚-2-基)、—CH2CH2(1-氧代-1,3-二氢-异吲哚-2-基)或—CH2(3-吡啶基)；W为—CO2R3、—CONHOH、—CN、—CONHR3、芳基、杂芳基、—CHO、—CH═NOR3或—CH═NHNHR3；Y为—W、—OCH2CO2R3、芳基、杂芳基、—C(═NOH)NH2、—OR3、—O(C═O)NR4R5、—NR3(C═O)OR3、—NR3(C═O)NR4R5或—NR4R5；R3为氢或1-6碳原子的烷基；R4和R5各自独立地为氢、1-6碳原子的烷基或R4和R5在一起为—(CH2)n—或—CH2CH2XCH2CH2—；X为O、S、SO、SO2、NR3或CH2；n为2至5；C为1-18碳原子的烷基、芳基、杂芳基、6-20碳原子的芳基烷基、6-20碳原子的杂芳基烷基、—CONR6R7、—NR3CONR6R7、—NR3COR6、—OR6、—O2CNR6R7、—NR3CO2R6、—O2CR6、—CH2OR6、—NR6R7、—CR3═CR3R8、—CPh3、—CH2NR6R7或2R6和R7各自独立地为氢、1-18碳原子的烷基、芳基、杂芳基、6-20碳原子的芳基烷基、6-20碳原子的杂芳基烷基、3-10碳原子的环烷基、—(CH2CH2O)nCH3、—(CH2)mA或R6和R7在一起为—(CH2)p—、—(CH2)2N(CH3)(CH2)4—、—(CH2)2N(R8)(CH2)2—或—(CH2)2CH(R8)—(CH2)2—；R8为氢、1-18碳原子的烷基、芳基、杂芳基、6-20碳原子的芳基烷基、6-20碳原子的杂芳基烷基、3-10碳原子的环烷基、—(CH2CH2O)nCH3、—(CH2CH2CH2O)nCH3或—(CH2)mA；A为芳基、杂芳基、芳氧基、杂芳氧基、芳硫基、杂芳硫基、芳基磺酸氧基、杂芳基磺酸氧基、芳基磺酰基、杂芳基磺酰基、—CHF2、—CH2F、—CF3、—(CH2CH2O)nCH3、—(CH2CH2CH2O)nCH3、—CO2R3、—O(C═O)NR6R7、芳基烷氧基或杂芳基烷氧基；m为2至16；p为2至12；或其药学上可接受的盐，用于治疗与胰岛素抵抗或高血糖相关的代谢紊乱。
• Amine terminated block copolymers and processes for their preparation
  申请人：THE FIRESTONE TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY

  公开号：EP0002196A1

  公开（公告）日：1979-06-13

  Polymers of anionically polymerized monomers such as mono-olefins, conjugated dienes, vinyl substituted aromatics, vinyl substituted pyridine, vinyl substituted quinolines, various aldehydes, various epoxides. various oxetanes, various oxygen-containing compounds, and the like are produced and end capped witb a polyisocyanate. or polyisothiocyanate having the formula R(N=C=X)n wherein R is a hydrocarbon, n is 2 or 3, and X is oxygen or sulfur. Such end capped polymers, of course, contain one reacted or connected isocyanate or isothiocyanate group and at least one free isocyanate or isothiocyanate end group, which free end group(s) reacts with an amide to give an imide end group. The imide terminated polymer is then hydrolyzed to form a stable amine terminated polymer. The reaction of the amide compound with the isocyanate(s) or isothiocyanate(s), followed by hydrolysis, results in the replacement of the free isocyanate or isothiocyanate end group(s) with an amine group(s). Thus, the amine terminated polymer contains the polymer connected to an isocyanate or isothiocyanate group (now an amide group or a thioamide group), which in turn is attached to the hydrocarbon portion, that is, the "R" portion of the polyisocyanate, which in turn is connected to the formed amine group. The amine terminated polymers may be stored extended periods of time and then reacted with various polymers, prepolymers, monomers, or various combinations thereof to form various block or graft copolymers. That is, the amine terminated polymer may be subsequently reacted with any amine reactive compound such as diepoxy monomers or an epoxy prepolymer in the presence of known epoxy catalysts to give a blocked epoxy copolymer. Similarly, the amine terminated polymer may be reacted with urea prepolymers or urea-forming monomers to yield a block urea copolymer. Reaction of the amine terminated polymer with urethane polymers, urethane prepolymers, or urethane-forming monomers will yield a urethane block copolymer. Reaction of the amine terminated polymer with urethane-urea prepolymers or urethane-urea forming monomers will yield a urethane-urea block copolymer. Similarly, various dianhydride and diamine monomers may be utilized to form an imide block copolymer.

  生产阴离子聚合单体（如单烯烃、共轭二烯、乙烯基取代的芳烃、乙烯基取代的吡啶、乙烯基取代的喹啉、各种醛、各种环氧化物、各种氧杂环丁烷、各种含氧化合物等）的聚合物，并用具有式 R(N=C=X)n 的多异氰酸酯或多异硫氰酸酯封端，其中 R 是烃，n 是 2 或 3，X 是氧或硫。当然，这种末端封端的聚合物包含一个已反应或连接的异氰酸酯或异硫氰酸酯基团和至少一个游离的异氰酸酯或异硫氰酸酯末端基团，游离的末端基团与酰胺反应生成亚胺末端基团。然后，酰亚胺端基聚合物水解形成稳定的胺端基聚合物。酰胺化合物与异氰酸酯或异硫氰酸盐反应后水解，游离的异氰酸酯或异硫氰酸盐端基会被胺基团取代。因此，胺封端聚合物含有与异氰酸酯或异硫氰酸酯基团（现为酰胺基团或硫代酰胺基团）相连的聚合物，而异氰酸酯或异硫氰酸酯基团又与多异氰酸酯的烃部分，即 "R "部分相连，而 "R "部分又与形成的胺基团相连。胺封端聚合物可长期储存，然后与各种聚合物、预聚物、单体或其各种组合反应，形成各种嵌段或接枝共聚物。也就是说，胺封端聚合物随后可以在已知环氧催化剂的存在下，与任何胺活性化合物（如二环氧单体或环氧预聚物）反应，生成嵌段环氧共聚物。同样，胺封端聚合物也可与脲预聚物或脲形成单体反应，生成嵌段脲共聚物。胺封端聚合物与氨基甲酸乙酯聚合物、氨基甲酸乙酯预聚物或氨基甲酸乙酯形成单体反应，可生成氨基甲酸乙酯嵌段共聚物。胺封端聚合物与氨基甲酸乙酯-尿素预聚物或氨基甲酸乙酯-尿素形成单体反应将产生氨基甲酸乙酯-尿素嵌段共聚物。同样，各种二酐和二胺单体也可用于形成酰亚胺嵌段共聚物。