Discovery, Synthesis, and Molecular Pharmacology of Selective Positive Allosteric Modulators of the δ-Opioid Receptor
作者:Neil T. Burford、Kathryn E. Livingston、Meritxell Canals、Molly R. Ryan、Lauren M. L. Budenholzer、Ying Han、Yi Shang、John J. Herbst、Jonathan O’Connell、Martyn Banks、Litao Zhang、Marta Filizola、Daniel L. Bassoni、Tom S. Wehrman、Arthur Christopoulos、John R. Traynor、Samuel W. Gerritz、Andrew Alt
DOI:10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b00007
日期:2015.5.28
Allosteric modulators of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) have a number of potential advantages compared to agonists or antagonists that bind to the orthosteric site of the receptor. These include the potential for receptor selectivity, maintenance of the temporal and spatial fidelity of signaling in vivo, the ceiling effect of the allosteric cooperativity which may prevent overdose issues, and engendering bias by differentially modulating distinct signaling pathways. Here we describe the discovery, synthesis, and molecular pharmacology of delta-opioid receptor-selective positive allosteric modulators (delta PAMs). These delta PAMs increase the affinity and/or efficacy of the orthosteric agonists leu-enkephalin, SNC80 and TAN67, as measured by receptor binding, G protein activation, beta-arrestin recruitment, adenylyl cyclase inhibition, and extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) activation. As such, these compounds are useful pharmacological tools to probe the molecular pharmacology of the delta receptor and to explore the therapeutic potential of delta PAMs in diseases such as chronic pain and depression.