丙戊酸钠杂质15 | 2985-35-5

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 脂质和类脂质分子 - 脂肪酰基
• 中文名称: 丙戊酸钠杂质15
• 英文名称: 2-(ethoxycarbonyl)pentanoic acid
• 英文别名: 2-propyl-malonic acid monoethyl ester；Propanedioic acid, 2-propyl-, 1-ethyl ester；2-ethoxycarbonylpentanoic acid
• CAS: 2985-35-5
• 化学式: C₈H₁₄O₄
• 分子量: 174.197
• InChiKey: ZYXZSRASZWYYFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  1.6
• 重原子数：
  12
• 可旋转键数：
  6
• 环数：
  0.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.75
• 拓扑面积：
  63.6
• 氢给体数：
  1
• 氢受体数：
  4

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  丙戊酸钠杂质15 在 咪唑 作用下， 以 neat (no solvent) 为溶剂， 反应 0.07h， 以86%的产率得到戊酸乙酯
  参考文献：
  名称：

  An improved solvent-free system for the microwave-assisted decarboxylation of malonate derivatives based on the use of imidazole

  摘要：

  A comparative study of the thermal and microwave-assisted decarboxylation of a series of mono- and disubstituted monohydrolyzed malonate derivatives has been carried out. It has been found out that in both circumstances the use of imidazole has a profound effect on the success of the reaction. In general terms the assistance of microwave irradiation accelerates the decarboxylation process significantly and, at the same time, permits the use of minored temperatures with respect to the thermal via. It has been also found that both the thermal and the microwave-assisted transformation can be developed under solvent-free conditions. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  DOI：

  10.1016/j.tet.2015.09.012
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  diethyl 2-(2-ethoxybenzyl)-2-propylmalonate 在 N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-7,8-dihydro-6H-dipyrido[1,2-a;2',1'-c][1,4]diazepine-2,12-diamine 、 盐酸 作用下， 以 N,N-二甲基甲酰胺 、 水 为溶剂， 反应 72.0h， 以59%的产率得到丙戊酸钠杂质15
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Overturning Established Chemoselectivities: Selective Reduction of Arenes over Malonates and Cyanoacetates by Photoactivated Organic Electron Donors

  摘要：

  The prevalence of metal-based reducing reagents, including metals, metal complexes, and metal salts, has produced an empirical order of reactivity that governs our approach to chemical synthesis. However, this reactivity may be influenced by stabilization of transition states, intermediates, and products through substrate metal bonding. This article reports that in the absence of such stabilizing interactions, established chemoselectivities can be overthrown. Thus, photoactivation of the recently developed neutral organic superelectron donor 5 selectively reduces alkyl-substituted benzene rings in the presence of activated esters and nitriles, in direct contrast to metal-based reductions, opening a new perspective on reactivity. The altered outcomes arising from the organic electron donors are attributed to selective interactions between the neutral organic donors and the arene rings of the substrates.

  DOI：

  10.1021/ja4050168

文献信息

• Nitration of α,β-unsaturated esters. Evidence for positive charge build-up adjacent to carbonyl carbon
  作者：Stuart A. Hewlins、John A. Murphy、Jian Lin、David E. Hibbs、Michael B. Hursthouse

  DOI：10.1039/a607170h

  日期：——

  Reactive intermediates formed in the nitration of certain α,β-unsaturated esters with nitronium tetrafluoroborate exhibit behaviour expected of highly reactive α-carbonyl cations. Three diagnostic reaction types have been observed which indicate the presence of these destabilised cations: (i) trapping in a Ritter reaction, (ii) cyclopropane formation from propyl cations, (iii) Wagner–Meerwein migration of alkyl groups. Semi-empirical calculations of the relative gas-phase stabilities of the proposed intermediate cations are useful in rationalising the observed chemistry.

  在用四氟硼酸亚硝酰进行某些α,β-不饱和酯的硝化反应中形成的活性中间体表现出高度活性α-羰基阳离子的预期行为。已观察到三种诊断性的反应类型，表明这些不稳定的阳离子的存在：（i）在Ritter反应中捕获，（ii）从丙基阳离子形成环丙烷，（iii）烷基的Wagner-Meerwein迁移。对所提出的中间阳离子的相对气相稳定性的半经验计算有助于合理化观察到的化学现象。
• Double decarboxylative route to 3-substituted pyrrolidines: Reaction of monoalkyl malonates and related carboxylic acids with sarcosine and formaldehyde
  作者：Evgeny M. Buev、Anastasia A. Smorodina、Vladimir S. Moshkin、Vyacheslav Y. Sosnovskikh

  DOI：10.1016/j.tetlet.2020.151727

  日期：2020.4

  Three-component reactions of monoalkyl malonates, cyanoacetic acids or 2-ketocarboxylic acids, N-methylglycine, and formaldehyde were developed to rapidly access 3-substituted pyrrolidines in 17–97% yield. These reactions represent a double decarboxylative domino-sequence promoted by pyrrolidine and involve N-methylazomethine ylide as the reactive intermediate. 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

  开发了丙二酸单烷基酯，氰基乙酸或2-酮羧酸，N-甲基甘氨酸和甲醛的三组分反应，以17-97％的产率快速获得3-取代的吡咯烷。这些反应代表由吡咯烷促进的双脱羧多米诺序列，并且涉及N-甲基偶氮甲亚胺叶立德作为反应性中间体。2020 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。
• Enantioselective hydrogenation of α,β-unsaturated acids. Substrate-modifier interaction over cinchonidine modified
  作者：K. Borszeky、T. Mallat、A. Baiker

  DOI：10.1016/s0957-4166(97)00526-0

  日期：1997.11

  X-Ray diffraction, IR measurements and catalytic hydrogenation of various substituted acrylic acids in apolar solvents, as well as molecular modelling provide new insight into the nature of the cinchonidine-substrate interaction and a general rule to predict the major enantiomer.

  X射线衍射，IR测量和非极性溶剂中各种取代丙烯酸的催化加氢以及分子建模，为新奇可尼定与底物相互作用的性质提供了新的见识，并为预测主要对映异构体提供了一般规则。
• Novel lincomycin derivatives possessing antimicrobial activity
  申请人：Lewis G. Jason

  公开号：US20050043248A1

  公开（公告）日：2005-02-24

  Novel lincomycin derivatives are disclosed. These lincomycin derivatives exhibit antibacterial activity. The compounds of the subject invention may exhibit potent activities against bacteria, including gram positive organisms, and may be useful antimicrobial agents. Methods of synthesis and of use of the compounds are also disclosed.

  新型的林可霉素衍生物被披露。这些林可霉素衍生物表现出抗菌活性。本发明的化合物可能对细菌，包括革兰氏阳性生物，表现出强效活性，并且可能是有用的抗微生物药剂。该化合物的合成和使用方法也被披露。
• Novel lincomycin derivatives possessing antibacterial activity
  申请人：Lewis G. Jason

  公开号：US20050215488A1

  公开（公告）日：2005-09-29

  Novel lincomycin derivatives are disclosed. These lincomycin derivatives exhibit antibacterial activity. The compounds of the subject invention may exhibit potent activities against bacteria, including Gram positive organisms, and may be useful antimicrobial agents. Methods of synthesis and of use of the compounds are also disclosed.

  新型的林可霉素衍生物已被披露。这些林可霉素衍生物表现出抗菌活性。本发明的化合物可能对细菌，包括革兰氏阳性生物，表现出强效活性，并可能是有用的抗微生物药剂。该化合物的合成和使用方法也已被披露。