4--2(R)-isobutylsuccinic acid

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 苯类化合物 - 苯和取代衍生物
• 英文名称: 4--2(R)-isobutylsuccinic acid
• 英文别名: (2R)-4-methyl-2-[2-oxo-2-(phenylmethoxyamino)ethyl]pentanoic acid
• 化学式: C₁₅H₂₁NO₄
• 分子量: 279.336
• InChiKey: QURSEDGAHLOUBX-CYBMUJFWSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  2.2
• 重原子数：
  20
• 可旋转键数：
  8
• 环数：
  1.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.47
• 拓扑面积：
  75.6
• 氢给体数：
  2
• 氢受体数：
  4

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  4--2(R)-isobutylsuccinic acid 在 palladium on activated charcoal 氢气 、 盐酸-N-乙基-Nˊ-(3-二甲氨基丙基)碳二亚胺 作用下， 以 甲醇 、 N,N-二甲基甲酰胺 为溶剂， 生成 伊洛马司他
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Inhibition of Membrane-Type 1 Matrix Metalloproteinase by Hydroxamate Inhibitors:  An Examination of the Subsite Pocket

  摘要：

  The membrane-type 1 matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) has been reported to mediate the activation of pro-gelatinase A (proMMP-2), which is associated with tumor proliferation and metastasis. MT1-MMP can also digest extracellular matrix (ECM) such as interstitial collagens, gelatin, and proteoglycan and thus may play an important role in pathophysiological digestion of ECM. We studied the inhibitory effect of various hydroxamate MMP inhibitors, including known inhibitors such as BB-94, BB-2516, GM6001, and Ro31-9790, on a deletion mutant of MT1-MMP lacking the transmembrane domain (Delta MT1) to further characterize the enzyme and develop a selective inhibitor for MT1-MMP. The evaluation of the inhibitory activities of various hydroxamates reveals general structural profiles affecting selectivities toward MMPs. In particular, a longer side chain at the P1' position is preferable for the binding to MMP-2, -3, and -9 and MT1-MMP. For the P2' position, an a-branched alkyl group is critical for the binding toward Delta MT1, while the introduction of a bulky group at the a-position of hydroxamic acid seems to diminish the activity against Delta MT1. Summation of the data on the sensitivity of Delta MT1 to various hydroxamate inhibitors indicates that (1) the volume of the S1' subsite of Delta MT1 is similar to that of MMP-2, -3, and -9, which is bigger than that of MMP-1, and (2) the S1 and S2' subsites are narrower than those in other MMPs. On the basis of these results, the hydroxamates with a P1' phenylpropyl and P2' alpha-branched alkyl group were synthesized and evaluated for inhibitory activity. These inhibitors (1h,i) showed strong activity against Delta MT1 over MMP-1, but no selectivity between Delta MT1 and MMP-9. These results are explained using molecular modeling studies conducted on MT1-MMP.

  DOI：

  10.1021/jm970404a

文献信息

• Design and synthesis of dual inhibitors for matrix metalloproteinase and cathepsin
  作者：Minoru Yamamoto、Shoji Ikeda、Hirosato Kondo、Shintaro Inoue

  DOI：10.1016/s0960-894x(01)00755-7

  日期：2002.2

  The first example of dual inhibitors for matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) and cathepsin is described. An appropriate alignment of peptide-parts and two different specific functional groups in one molecule led to the discovery of a potent dual inhibitor (3a).

  描述了基质金属蛋白酶（MMP）和组织蛋白酶双重抑制剂的第一个例子。一个分子中的肽部分和两个不同的特定官能团的适当比对导致发现了有效的双重抑制剂（3a）。
• Synthesis and biological evaluation of orally active matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors
  作者：Ryoichi Hirayama、Minoru Yamamoto、Takahiro Tsukida、Konomi Matsuo、Yuji Obata、Fumio Sakamoto、Shoji Ikeda

  DOI：10.1016/s0968-0896(97)00028-x

  日期：1997.4

  The synthesis and biological evaluation of orally active inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinase are reported. Modifications of the P2' position and the a-substituent of hydroxamic acid derivatives were carried out, and revealed that the P2' substituent influenced the MMP inhibitory activities in vitro and in plasma after oral administration. The hydroxamates with phenylglycine at the P2' position were absorbed well orally. Compound 15e, which exhibited the longest duration of inhibitory activity in plasma after oral administration among the phenylglycine derivatives (5a-5d, 15a, 15c, 15e), was evaluated in a rat adjuvant arthritis model. A reduction in hind foot pad swelling and improvements of some inflammatory parameters were demonstrated when the compound was administered orally. These results indicate the potential of MMP inhibitors for rheumatoid arthritis. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd.
• J. Med. Chem. 1998, 41, 1209-1217
  作者：

  DOI：——

  日期：——
• Inhibition of Membrane-Type 1 Matrix Metalloproteinase by Hydroxamate Inhibitors:  An Examination of the Subsite Pocket
  作者：Minoru Yamamoto、Hideki Tsujishita、Noriyuki Hori、Yuichi Ohishi、Shintaro Inoue、Shoji Ikeda、Yasunori Okada

  DOI：10.1021/jm970404a

  日期：1998.4.1

  The membrane-type 1 matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) has been reported to mediate the activation of pro-gelatinase A (proMMP-2), which is associated with tumor proliferation and metastasis. MT1-MMP can also digest extracellular matrix (ECM) such as interstitial collagens, gelatin, and proteoglycan and thus may play an important role in pathophysiological digestion of ECM. We studied the inhibitory effect of various hydroxamate MMP inhibitors, including known inhibitors such as BB-94, BB-2516, GM6001, and Ro31-9790, on a deletion mutant of MT1-MMP lacking the transmembrane domain (Delta MT1) to further characterize the enzyme and develop a selective inhibitor for MT1-MMP. The evaluation of the inhibitory activities of various hydroxamates reveals general structural profiles affecting selectivities toward MMPs. In particular, a longer side chain at the P1' position is preferable for the binding to MMP-2, -3, and -9 and MT1-MMP. For the P2' position, an a-branched alkyl group is critical for the binding toward Delta MT1, while the introduction of a bulky group at the a-position of hydroxamic acid seems to diminish the activity against Delta MT1. Summation of the data on the sensitivity of Delta MT1 to various hydroxamate inhibitors indicates that (1) the volume of the S1' subsite of Delta MT1 is similar to that of MMP-2, -3, and -9, which is bigger than that of MMP-1, and (2) the S1 and S2' subsites are narrower than those in other MMPs. On the basis of these results, the hydroxamates with a P1' phenylpropyl and P2' alpha-branched alkyl group were synthesized and evaluated for inhibitory activity. These inhibitors (1h,i) showed strong activity against Delta MT1 over MMP-1, but no selectivity between Delta MT1 and MMP-9. These results are explained using molecular modeling studies conducted on MT1-MMP.