octyl-kinked bis-tacrine

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机杂环化合物 - 喹啉及其衍生物
• 英文名称: octyl-kinked bis-tacrine
• 英文别名: NF662；N-[8-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridin-9-ylamino)octyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridin-9-amine；N,N'-bis(1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridin-9-yl)octane-1,8-diamine
• 化学式: C₃₄H₄₂N₄
• 分子量: 506.734
• InChiKey: ZIDVXYDWJIVBSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  9.1
• 重原子数：
  38
• 可旋转键数：
  11
• 环数：
  6.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.47
• 拓扑面积：
  49.8
• 氢给体数：
  2
• 氢受体数：
  4

反应信息

• 作为产物：
  描述：

  邻氨基苯甲酸 在 sodium iodide 、 三氯氧磷 作用下， 以 苯酚 为溶剂， 生成 octyl-kinked bis-tacrine
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Bistacrine衍生物作为新的有效抗疟药

  摘要：

  与单体相比，连接两个他克林分子导致抗疟原虫的活性大大增加。这一发现促进了单体和二聚他克林衍生物库的合成，以推导结构-活性关系。对氯喹敏感的疟原虫菌株3D7和对氯喹耐药的菌株Dd2最具活性的化合物在纳摩尔浓度范围内显示IC 50值，细胞毒性低，并靶向半胱氨酸蛋白酶falcipain-2，这对寄生虫的生长至关重要。

  DOI：

  10.1016/j.bmc.2016.06.003

文献信息

• Synthesis of alkylene linked bis-THA and alkylene linked benzyl-THA as highly potent and selective inhibitors and molecular probes of acetylcholinesterase
  作者：Yuan-Ping Pang、Feng Hong、Polly Quiram、Tanya Jelacic、Stephen Brimijoin

  DOI：10.1039/a601642a

  日期：——

  An efficient and economical synthesis of a series of rationally designed novel 9,9′-(alkane-1,ω-diyldiimino)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridines (ω = 7–10) and a second series of new analogues, 9-(ω-phenylalkylamino)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridines (ω = 4–10), is reported. Compounds in the first series are found to be up to 10 000-fold more selective and 1000-fold more potent in reversibly inhibiting rat acetylcholinesterase (AChE) than the monomer, 9-amino-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridine (THA). Some members in the latter series (ω = 7–8) are slightly more potent than THA in inhibiting AChE but still more selective. These compounds can serve as (i) important chemical tools to evaluate the role of AChE inhibition by THA, a clinical drug, in treating Alzheimer’s disease, (ii) effective, safer and low-cost insecticides and parasiticides, (iii) potential blockers of the K+ channel and the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor channel, and perhaps (iv) improved therapeutics for Alzheimer’s disease.

  报道了一种高效经济的合成一系列合理设计的新型9,9′-(烷-1,ω-二亚氨基)-1,2,3,4-四氢吖啶（ω=7-10）及其第二系列新类似物，9-(ω-苯基烷基氨基)-1,2,3,4-四氢吖啶（ω=4-10）的方法。第一系列化合物对大鼠乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）的可逆抑制作用比单体9-氨基-1,2,3,4-四氢吖啶（THA）的选择性高10000倍，效力高1000倍。在后一系列化合物中，某些成员（ω=7-8）抑制AChE的效力略高于THA，但仍更具选择性。这些化合物可作为（i）重要的化学工具，评估临床药物THA在治疗阿尔茨海默病中抑制AChE的作用，（ii）有效、更安全、低成本的杀虫剂和驱虫剂，（iii）潜在的钾通道和N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸受体通道阻滞剂，以及（iv）改进的阿尔茨海默病治疗药物。
• Synthesis and in-vitro anticancer evaluation of bistacrine congeners
  作者：Ming-Kuan Hu

  DOI：10.1211/0022357011775046

  日期：2010.2.18

  In the search for potential new anticancer drugs, an efficient synthesis of bis-tetrahydroaminoacridine (bis-tacrine) and its congeners was accomplished by bis-amination of 9-chlorotetrahydroacridine and its congeners under heated conditions.

  The critical chlorides were efficiently prepared from o-aminoaromatic acids and cycloketones in-situ in the presence of phosphorus oxychloride. In-vitro cytotoxic evaluation of the compounds was carried out against a panel of 60 human cancer cell lines. Among them, butyllinked bis-tacrine (5b) exhibited the strongest cytotoxic profile with GI50 (concentration causing 50% growth inhibition) values of approximately 0.04-0.08 μM against breast, colon, melanoma and non-small lung cancer cells. Congeners bearing a longer alkyl chain were on average 30- to 100-fold less cytotoxic against these cancer cells. Shorter connecting alkyl chains of bis-tacrine or its congeners dramatically decreased the cytotoxic effects.

  Compound 5b has been selected for further biological evaluation of its anticancer profile.

  在寻找潜在新抗癌药物的过程中，通过9-氯四氢喹啉及其同系物的双胺化，在加热条件下成功合成了双-四氢喹啉（双-他克林）及其同系物。这些关键氯化物是通过邻氨基芳香酸和环酮在磷氯化氢存在下原位高效制备的。对这些化合物进行了体外细胞毒性评估，针对60种人类癌细胞系。其中，丁基连接的双-他克林（5b）在乳腺癌、结肠癌、黑色素瘤和非小细胞肺癌细胞中表现出最强的细胞毒性，GI50（引起50%生长抑制的浓度）值约为0.04-0.08μM。具有较长烷基链的同系物对这些癌细胞的毒性平均降低了30到100倍。双-他克林或其同系物较短的连接烷基链显著降低了细胞毒性效果。化合物5b已被选中进一步评估其抗癌特性。
• Homodimeric Tacrine Congeners as Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors
  作者：Ming-Kuan Hu、Li-Ju Wu、George Hsiao、Mao-Hsiung Yen

  DOI：10.1021/jm010308g

  日期：2002.5.1

  search for highly selective and potent derivatives of tacrine (1a), a number of homodimeric tacrine congeners were synthesized and conducted for their effects on rat acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and human butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitions. Heptylene-linked bis-(6-chloro)tacrine (3h) was found up to 3000- and 3-fold more potent in inhibiting rat AChE than tacrine and the unsubstituted bis-tacrine 3b

  在寻找他克林（1a）的高选择性和有效衍生物的过程中，合成了许多同二聚他克林同源物，并研究了它们对大鼠乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）和人丁酰胆碱酯酶（BChE）的抑制作用。发现庚烯连接的双-（6-氯）他克林（3h）抑制大鼠AChE的效力分别比他克林和未取代的双-他克林3b高3000倍和3倍。与3b相比，二聚他克林碳环的大小变化降低了AChE抑制的选择性和效力。将氮杂作为所需的等位基因3j-m插入他克林核中会产生中等效力，但往往对选择性有害。通过在同源二聚啶的6-位掺入卤素，可以显着提高AChE抑制能力和AChE / BChE选择性。3a-m的测定结果也提供了证据，表明7-亚甲基系链倾向于AChE抑制能力最佳。
• Structure–Activity Relationship Studies of 9-Alkylamino-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridines against Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum Promastigotes
  作者：Carlos F. M. Silva、Teresa Leão、Filipa Dias、Ana M. Tomás、Diana C. G. A. Pinto、Eduardo F. T. Oliveira、Ana Oliveira、Pedro A. Fernandes、Artur M. S. Silva

  DOI：10.3390/pharmaceutics15020669

  日期：——

  Leishmaniasis is one of the most neglected diseases in modern times, mainly affecting people from developing countries of the tropics, subtropics and the Mediterranean basin, with approximately 350 million people considered at risk of developing this disease. The incidence of human leishmaniasis has increased over the past decades due to failing prevention and therapeutic measures—there are no vaccines and chemotherapy, which is problematic. Acridine derivatives constitute an interesting group of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds associated with numerous bioactivities, with emphasis to their antileishmanial potential. The present work builds on computational studies focusing on a specific enzyme of the parasite, S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (AdoMet DC), with several 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-acridines emerging as potential inhibitors, evidencing this scaffold as a promising building block for novel antileishmanial pharmaceuticals. Thus, several 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridine derivatives have been synthesized, their activity against Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum promastigotes evaluated and a structure–activity relationship (SAR) study was developed based on the results obtained. Even though the majority of the 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridines evaluated presented high levels of toxicity, the structural information gathered in this work allowed its application with another scaffold (quinoline), leading to the obtention of N1,N12-bis(7-chloroquinolin-4-yl)dodecane-1,12-diamine (12) as a promising novel antileishmanial agent (IC50 = 0.60 ± 0.11 μM, EC50 = 11.69 ± 3.96 μM and TI = 19.48).

  利什曼病是现代最被忽视的疾病之一，主要影响热带、亚热带和地中海盆地的发展中国家人群，约有3.5亿人可能患上该病。由于预防和治疗措施的失败，人类利什曼病的发病率在过去几十年中增加了，目前没有疫苗和化疗，这是一个问题。吖啶衍生物是一类氮杂环化合物，与众多生物活性相关，尤其是它们的抗利什曼病潜力。本研究基于对寄生虫酶S-腺苷甲硫氨酸脱羧酶（AdoMet DC）的计算研究，发现多种1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶可能是潜在的抑制剂，表明该支架是新型抗利什曼病药物的有前途的构建块。因此，合成了多种1,2,3,4-四氢吖啶衍生物，评估了它们对利什曼原虫（利什曼原虫）幼虫的活性，并根据所得结果开展了结构-活性关系（SAR）研究。尽管大多数评估的1,2,3,4-四氢吖啶衍生物表现出高毒性，但本研究收集的结构信息使其可以与另一个支架（喹啉）结合使用，导致获得N1，N12-双（7-氯喹啉-4-基）十二烷基-1,12-二胺（12）作为有前途的新型抗利什曼病药物（IC50 = 0.60±0.11μM，EC50 = 11.69±3.96μM和TI = 19.48）。
• A facile synthesis of bis-tacrine isosteres
  作者：Ming-Kuan Hu、Chih-Feng Lu

  DOI：10.1016/s0040-4039(00)00036-8

  日期：2000.3

  An efficient synthesis of highly potent and selective acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors, bis-tacrines and their isosteres 2-4, has been accomplished by bis-amination of 9-chloro-tetrahydroacridine (9a) and its analogs. The critical intermediates were concisely prepared in situ by heating the corresponding ortho-amino aromatic acids and cycloketones in the presence of phosphorus oxychloride. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.