镍催化的交叉亲电偶联最近已成为形成 CC 键的高效实用方法。通过将此过程与成熟的 π-π 偶联化学相结合,开发了一种合成四取代烯烃的新方法。该过程依赖于使用氯硅烷作为产生反应性乙烯基镍中间体的手段,这些中间体能够与卤代烷进行还原性交叉亲电偶联。该方法不仅可以生成高度取代的烯丙醇衍生物,而且不需要化学计量的有机金属亲核试剂,与以前开发的方法相比,范围和官能团耐受性大大提高。
Coupling reactions of aryl bromides with 1-alkynols catalysed by a tetraphosphine/palladium catalyst
作者:Marie Feuerstein、Henri Doucet、Maurice Santelli
DOI:10.1016/j.tetlet.2003.12.128
日期:2004.2
cis. cis, cis-1, 2, 3,4-Tetrakis(diphenylphosphinomethyl)cyclopentane/[PdCl(C3H5)](2) system catalyses efficiently the coupling reactions of aryl halides with a variety of alkynols such as propargy] alcohol, but-1-yn-4-ol, pent-1-yn-5-ol or hex-1-yn-6-ol. The catalyst can be used at lowloading. Higher reaction rates were observed in the presence of but-1-yn-4-ol, pent-1-yn-5-ol or hex-1-yn-6-ol than with propargy] alcohol. The protection of the alcohol functions as an ether or a silyloxy group led generally to similar or better results than the reactions performed with the unprotected alcohols. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Sonogashira cross-coupling reactions of aryl chlorides with alkynes catalysed by a tetraphosphine–palladium catalyst
作者:Marie Feuerstein、Henri Doucet、Maurice Santelli
DOI:10.1016/j.tetlet.2004.09.092
日期:2004.11
A range of aryl chlorides undergoes cross-couplings with alkynes in good yields in the presence of [PdCl(C3H5)](2)/cis,cis, cis-1,2,3,4-tetrakis(diphenylphosphinomethyl)cyclopentane as catalyst. A variety of aryl chlorides such as chloroacetophenone, chlorobenzonitrile, chloronitrobenzene, chloroanisole or chlorotoluene have been used successfully. The reaction also tolerates several alkynes such as phenylacetylene, dec-l-yne, ethynylcyclohexene or alk-l-ynols. Furthermore, this catalyst can be used at low loading with some substrates. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.