4-(4-acetylphenyl)butanenitrile

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机氧化合物
• 英文名称: 4-(4-acetylphenyl)butanenitrile
• 化学式: C₁₂H₁₃NO
• 分子量: 187.241
• InChiKey: DGHOINAQCXPHMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  1.9
• 重原子数：
  14
• 可旋转键数：
  4
• 环数：
  1.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.33
• 拓扑面积：
  40.9
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  2

反应信息

• 作为产物：
  描述：

  4-碘代苯乙酮 、 3-(trifluorosilyl)butanenitrile 在 四(三苯基膦)钯 四丁基氟化铵 作用下， 以 四氢呋喃 为溶剂， 反应 24.0h， 以86%的产率得到4-(4-acetylphenyl)butanenitrile
  参考文献：
  名称：

  烷基三氟硅烷与芳基卤化物的钯催化交叉偶联反应

  摘要：

  使用催化量的四（三苯基膦）钯 (0) 和过量的四丁基氟化铵 (TBAF) 在 100 °C 下以高化学选择性实现烷基三氟硅烷与芳基卤化物的交叉偶联反应。硝基、酮羰基和甲酰基等官能团耐受偶联条件。因为钾（18-冠-6）烷基四氟硅酸盐也在额外摩尔量的 TBAF 存在下发生交叉偶联反应，所以假设偶联反应的活性物质是五配位硅酸盐。认为需要过量的 TBAF 来捕获交叉偶联反应的催化循环中产生的四氟硅烷。

  DOI：

  10.1246/bcsj.70.437

文献信息

• One-Pot Negishi Cross-Coupling Reactions of In Situ Generated Zinc Reagents with Aryl Chlorides, Bromides, and Triflates
  作者：Shohei Sase、Milica Jaric、Albrecht Metzger、Vladimir Malakhov、Paul Knochel

  DOI：10.1021/jo801063c

  日期：2008.9.19

  heteroaryl, alkyl, or benzylic polyfunctional zinc reagents obtained by the addition of zinc and LiCl to the corresponding organic iodides undergo smooth Pd(0)-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions with aryl bromides, chlorides, and triflates in the presence of PEPPSI as a catalyst. This procedure avoids the manipulation of water and air-sensitive organozinc reagents and produces cross-coupling products in high

  通过将锌和LiCl添加到相应的有机碘中获得的原位生成的芳基，杂芳基，烷基或苄基多官能锌试剂，在存在下与芳基溴化物，氯化物和三氟甲磺酸酯进行平滑的Pd（0）催化的交叉偶联反应。 PEPPSI作为催化剂。该程序避免了对水和空气敏感的有机锌试剂的操作，并以高收率生产了交叉偶联产物。
• Cobalt(II)-catalyzed preparation of alkylindium reagents and applications in cross-coupling with aryl halides
  作者：Peng Wang、Xuan-Di Song、Bing-Zhi Chen、Weidong Rao、Zhi-Liang Shen

  DOI：10.1016/j.catcom.2019.105824

  日期：2019.12

  The direct insertion of indium powder into alkyl iodides was found to be efficiently catalyzed by a catalytic amount of cobalt(II) bromide (10 mol%). Upon subjection of the thus-formed alkylindium compounds to palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions with a wide range of aryl halides, a series of cross-coupled products could be obtained in moderate to good yields with the tolerance to many important

  发现通过催化量的溴化钴（II）（10mol％）可有效地催化将铟粉直接插入到烷基碘中。使如此形成的烷基铟化合物与钯与多种芳基卤化物进行交叉偶联反应后，可以以中等到良好的产率获得一系列交叉偶联的产物，并且对许多重要的官能团具有耐受性。
• Preparation of Alkyl Indium Reagents by Iodine-Catalyzed Direct Indium Insertion and Their Applications in Cross-Coupling Reactions
  作者：Man-Ling Zhi、Bing-Zhi Chen、Wei Deng、Xue-Qiang Chu、Teck-Peng Loh、Zhi-Liang Shen

  DOI：10.1021/acs.joc.9b00204

  日期：2019.3.1

  means of an iodine-catalyzed direct indium insertion into alkyl iodide in THF is reported. The thus-generated alkyl indium reagents effectively underwent Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions with various aryl halides, exhibiting good compatibility to a variety of sensitive functional groups. By replacing THF with DMA and using 0.75 equiv of iodine, less reactive alkyl bromide could be used as substrate

  报道了一种通过碘催化的将铟直接插入到THF中的烷基碘中来合成烷基铟试剂的有效方法。如此生成的烷基铟试剂可有效地与各种芳基卤化物进行Pd催化的交叉偶联反应，表现出与各种敏感官能团的良好相容性。通过用DMA代替THF并使用0.75当量的碘，同等容易程度的反应性较低的烷基溴可以用作铟插入的底物。
• Synthesis of Alkyl Indium Reagents by Using Unactivated Alkyl Chlorides and Their Applications in Palladium-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions with Aryl Halides
  作者：Bing-Zhi Chen、Man-Ling Zhi、Chuang-Xin Wang、Xue-Qiang Chu、Zhi-Liang Shen、Teck-Peng Loh

  DOI：10.1021/acs.orglett.8b00441

  日期：2018.4.6

  An efficient method for the preparation of alkyl indium reagents by using unactivated and cheap alkyl chlorides as substrates in the presence of indium and LiI was developed. The thus-formed alkyl indium species effectively underwent palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions with aryl halides with wide functional group tolerance.

  开发了一种通过在铟和LiI存在下使用未活化廉价的烷基氯化物作为底物来制备烷基铟试剂的有效方法。如此形成的烷基铟物种与具有宽泛的官能团耐受性的芳基卤化物有效地经历了钯催化的交叉偶联反应。
• Copper(II)-catalyzed preparation of alkylindium compounds and applications in cross-coupling reactions both in aqueous media
  作者：Peng Wang、Bing-Zhi Chen、Yi-Cong Guo、Weidong Rao、Zhi-Liang Shen

  DOI：10.1016/j.tetlet.2019.151288

  日期：2019.12

  effectively underwent palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions with a myriad of aryl halides in aqueous media, leading to the cross-coupled products in modest to high yields. The mildness of the formed alkyl organometallics allowed the tolerance to various important functional groups incorporated in both substrates of alkyl iodides and aryl halides.

  开发了一种在催化量的廉价易得的CuSO 4 ·5H 2 O（10 mol％）存在下合成烷基铟化合物的高效水基方法。如此生成的烷基铟化合物与钯在水性介质中的芳基卤化物有效地进行了钯催化的交叉偶联反应，从而导致了中等至高收率的交叉偶联产物。所形成的烷基有机金属的温和性允许耐受结合在烷基碘和芳基卤的两种底物中的各种重要的官能团。