通过在乙醇中简单回流,无需催化剂或添加剂,通过一锅三组分合成可以轻松地组装一系列巨型三(杂芳基)甲烷。多取代吲哚(Ar 1 )与喹啉醛、喹诺酮醛、色酮醛、芴醛(Ar 2 CHO)和香豆素(Ar 3 )以1:1:1的比例反应生成相应的三(杂芳基)甲烷(Ar 1 Ar 2 Ar 3 )CH 以及 (Ar 1 Ar 1 Ar 2 )CH 三元组。通过取代吲哚与 Ar 2 CHO 的偶联,还合成了一系列新的 2:1 三联体。偶联反应也可以在水中(约 80 °C)进行,但化学选择性优于 (Ar 1 Ar 1 Ar 2 )CH 而不是 (Ar 1 Ar 2 Ar 3 )CH。通过X射线分析证实了代表性(Ar 1 Ar 2 Ar 3 )CH三元组的分子结构。通过与DDQ/HPF 6反应生成模型三(杂芳基/芳基)甲基鎓盐,并通过NMR、DFT和GIAO-DFT进行研究。
Rapid Assembly of Functionalised Spirocyclic Indolines by Palladium-Catalysed Dearomatising Diallylation of Indoles with Allyl Acetate
作者:Persis Dhankher、Laure Benhamou、Tom D. Sheppard
DOI:10.1002/chem.201403940
日期:2014.10.6
3‐diallylindolinines with an acid chloride or a chloroformate, followed by treatment with aluminium chloride, enables 2,3‐diallylindoles to be prepared. By using ring‐closing metathesis, functionalised spirocyclicindoline scaffolds can be accessed from the Ugi products, and a dihydrocarbazole can be prepared from the corresponding 2,3‐diallylindole.
在此,我们报道了乙酸烯丙酯在钯催化的吲哚脱芳构二烯丙基化中的应用。该反应可以在室温下使用现成的钯催化剂进行,并且可以应用于多种取代的吲哚,以提供相应的 3,3-二烯丙基二氢吲哚。这些化合物是通用的合成中间体,很容易进行 Ugi 反应或脯氨酸催化的不对称曼尼希反应。或者,用酰基氯或氯甲酸酯酰化 3,3-二烯丙基吲哚啉,然后用氯化铝处理,可以制备 2,3-二烯丙基吲哚。通过使用闭环复分解,可以从Ugi产品中获得功能化的螺环二氢吲哚支架,并且可以从相应的2,3-二烯丙基吲哚制备二氢咔唑。
One-pot access to indolylchromeno[2,3-b]indoles via iodine-mediated Friedel-Crafts alkylation/oxidative coupling reaction of indoles and salicylaldehydes
An I2-mediated Friedel-Crafts alkylation/oxidative coupling reaction of indoles and salicylaldehydes was developed. With the developed protocol, a series of indolylchromeno[2,3-b]indoles were obtained in good yields (up to 88%) under mild reaction conditions. Two possible reaction mechanisms were tentatively brought forward to account for the formation of the products in light of some control experiments
进行了吲哚和水杨醛的I 2介导的Friedel-Crafts烷基化/氧化偶联反应。通过开发的方案,在温和的反应条件下,以良好的收率(高达88%)获得了一系列吲哚基铬诺[2,3- b ]吲哚。根据一些对照实验,初步提出了两种可能的反应机理来解释产物的形成。
Utilization of renewable formic acid from lignocellulosic biomass for the selective hydrogenation and/or N‐methylation
作者:Chao‐Zheng Zhou、Yu‐Rou Zhao、Fang‐Fang Tan、Yan‐Jun Guo、Yang Li
DOI:10.1002/cctc.202101099
日期:2021.11.22
Lignocellulosic biomass is one of the most abundant renewable sources in nature. Herein, we have developed the utilization of renewable formicacidfrom lignocellulosic biomass as a hydrogen source and a carbon source for the selective hydrogenation and further N-methylation of various quinolines and the derivatives, various indoles under mild conditions in high efficiencies. N-methylation of various
A facile synthesis of γ,δ‐unsaturated ketones via palladium‐catalyzed ring‐opening of 2‐alkylidenecyclobutanols with organic halides is described. The key step involves − bond cleavage via palladium‐catalyzed β‐carbon elimination. The desired γ,δ‐unsaturated ketones are obtained in good to excellent yields and broad functional group tolerability. Aryl, heteroaryl, benzyl, and alkynyl halides all readily