The invention concerns the identification of a pathway where the co-receptor CD28 inactivates glycogen synthase 3 (GSK-3) and where a reagent that inhibits GSK-3 can enhance, or substitute for CD28-dependent T-cell mediated immune responses. Altered T-cell responses are applied to increased proliferation, cytokine production and in the generation of increased cytolytic T-cell responses (CTLs) in the context of infection by virus', bacterial, fungi or prions. For example, the use of GSK-3 inhibitor SB415286 preferentially cooperated with CD28 costimulation to increase interleukin 2 (IL-2) transcription, and to provide CD28-replacement signals leading to increased IL-2 transcription. Similarly, inhibitors SB415286 and lithium chloride increased the CD28-dependent generation of cytolytic T-cell responses (CTLs) against a virally or baterially infected cells. Overall, the invention relates to a CD28 induced signaling transduction pathway that inactivates glycogen synthase kinase (GSK) and the application of this finding to the modulation of T-cell activation, proliferation and the generation of cytolytic T-cells (CTLs).
本发明涉及一种途径的鉴定,在该途径中,共受体 CD28 可使
糖原合酶 3 (GSK-3) 失活,而抑制 GSK-3 的试剂可增强或替代 CD28 依赖性 T 细胞介导的免疫反应。在病毒、细菌、真菌或朊病毒感染的情况下,改变的 T 细胞反应可用于增加增殖、细胞因子的产生以及细胞溶解性 T 细胞反应(CTL)的产生。例如,使用
GSK-3 抑制剂 SB415286 可优先配合 CD28 成本刺激,增加白细胞介素 2(I
L-2)转录,并提供 CD28 替代信号,导致 I
L-2 转录增加。同样,
抑制剂 SB415286 和
氯化锂增加了 CD28 依赖性产生的针对病毒感染或双向感染细胞的细胞溶解性 T 细胞反应(CTL)。总之,本发明涉及一种 CD28 诱导的使
糖原合酶激酶(GSK)失活的
信号转导途径,以及将这一发现应用于调节 T 细胞的活化、增殖和细胞溶解性 T 细胞(CTL)的产生。