The solvent‐ and ligand‐free [2+2+2] ruthenium‐promoted cycloaddition of α,ω‐diynes and alkynes provides a facile and efficient strategy for the synthesis of substituted benzene‐derived systems. The search for the optimal reaction conditions revealed the unprecedented catalytic activity of ruthenium trichloride for benzannulation reactions and this atom‐economical process allowed the synthesis of fused
A compound represented by formula (1-1) or (1-2), or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof retains the principal therapeutic effect of sitaxentan and has an improved CYP inhibitory effect:
wherein R1 is a halogen atom, etc., R2 is a methyl group, etc., R3 is a C1-6 alkyl group, etc., and M is a group represented by:
etc.
A compound represented by formula (1-1) or (1-2), or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof retains a principal therapeutic effect of sitaxentan and has an improved CYP inhibitory effect.
wherein R1 is a halogen atom, etc., R2 is a methyl group, etc., R3 is a C1-6 alkyl group, etc., and M is a group represented by:
etc.
Regioselective reductive opening of substituted phthalans: synthetic applications
作者:Daniel García、Francisco Foubelo、Miguel Yus
DOI:10.1016/j.tet.2008.02.072
日期:2008.5
The reductive opening of substituted phthalans 6, 11, 12, 20, 21 and 28 with lithium and a catalytic amount of DTBB leads to the formation of corresponding functionalised organolithium intermediates 8, 15, 16, 23, 25 and 29+30 in a regioselective manner. The further reaction of these dianions with different electrophiles, mainly carbonyl compounds, gives the expected functionalised benzylic alcohols 9, 17, 18, 24, 26 and 31+32. The observed stereochemistry can be easily explained taking into account the values of the electron densities deduced by semiempirical PM3 calculations. (c) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Regiochemistry in the reductive opening of phthalan derivatives
The lithiation of phthalan derivatives 4, 9 and 12 with an excess of lithium in the presence of a catalytic amount of 4,4'-ditert-butylbiphenyl (DTBB) in THF at -78 degrees C gives dianionic intermediates 5, 10 and 13, respectively, which by reaction with different electrophiles [H2O, tau-BuCHO, Me2CO, (EtO)(2)CO] at the same temperature, followed by hydrolysis, leads to regioselective functionalised naphthalenes 7, and biphenyls 11 and 14. The reductive opening takes place with high or total regioselectivity and can be explained considering the electron density in the dianion or in the radical anion, which are formed previous to the carbon-oxygen bond excision. The lithiation of the dihydrofurophthalan derivative 18 with the same reaction mixture but at higher temperature (0 degrees C) leads to intermediates 19 and 20, resulting from a single and a double reductive cleavage, respectively, which after addition of H2O and benzaldehyde as electrophiles gives a mixture of compounds 21 and 22. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.