Design of balanced COX inhibitors based on anti-inflammatory and/or COX-2 inhibitory ascidian metabolites
作者:Zhiran Ju、Mingzhi Su、Jongki Hong、Eun La Kim、Hyung Ryong Moon、Hae Young Chung、Suhkmann Kim、Jee H. Jung
DOI:10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.07.016
日期:2019.10
The aim of this study was to design and synthesize COX-1/COX-2 balanced inhibitors incorporating the structural motifs of anti-inflammatory ascidian metabolites. We designed a series of substituted indole analogs that incorporate the key structures of the ascidian metabolites, herdmanines C and D. The synthesized analogs were tested for their inhibitory activity against COX-1 and COX-2, and compound 5m, which displayed balanced inhibition, was further evaluated for in vitro anti-inflammatory activity. Compound 5m suppressed the expression of pro-inflammatory factors, including iNOS, COX-2, TNF-alpha, and IL-6 in LPS-stimulated murine RAW264.7 macrophages. The reduction of PGE2, NO, and ROS was also observed, together with the suppression of NF-kappa B, IKK, and I kappa B alpha phosphorylation. Our results characterized 5m as a COX-1/COX-2 balanced inhibitor that subsequently caused ROS inhibition and NF-kappa B suppression, and culminated in the suppression of iNOS, COX-2, TNF-alpha, and IL-6 expression. (C) 2019 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.