山梨醇铁 | 62765-90-6

• 物质功能分类: 原料药 - 血液系统用药 - 抗贫血药
• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机酸及其衍生物 - 羧酸及其衍生物
• 中文名称: 山梨醇铁
• 英文名称: Jectofer
• 英文别名: (2R,3R,4R,5S)-hexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol;2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate;iron(3+)
• CAS: 62765-90-6
• 化学式: C12H19FeO13
• 分子量: 427.12
• InChiKey: WNDUPUMWHYAJOR-SADXPQEKSA-K

物化性质

• 颜色/状态：
  Brown colloidal solution
• 密度：
  1.17-1.19 at 20 °C
• 稳定性/保质期：
  Stable in serum.
• 分解：
  When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and fumes.

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  -8.84
• 重原子数：
  26
• 可旋转键数：
  7
• 环数：
  0.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.75
• 拓扑面积：
  262
• 氢给体数：
  7
• 氢受体数：
  13

ADMET

毒理性

• 致癌性证据

致癌性分类：1）在人类中无数据；2）在动物中的证据：不足。对人类致癌风险的总体评估为第3组：该物质对人类的致癌性无法分类。/铁山梨醇-柠檬酸复合物；来自表格/

Classification of carcinogenicity: 1) No data available in humans; 2) evidence in animals: Insufficient. Overall summary evaluation of carcinogenic risk to humans is Group 3: The agent is not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans. /Iron sorbitol-citric acid complex; From table/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 相互作用

当患者同时服用口服铁剂时，由于血清结合蛋白转铁蛋白可能接近饱和，因此严重反应的可能性更大。

Serious reactions are more probable when the patient is simultaneously taking oral iron, since the serum-binding protein, transferrin, may be close to saturation.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 解毒与急救

基本治疗：建立专利气道。如有必要，进行吸痰。观察呼吸不足的迹象，如有必要，协助通气。通过非循环呼吸面罩以10至15升/分钟的速度给予氧气。监测休克并视需要进行治疗……。对于眼睛污染，立即用水冲洗眼睛。在运输过程中，用生理盐水连续冲洗每只眼睛……。不要使用催吐剂。对于误食，如果患者能够吞咽，有强烈的呕吐反射，且不流口水，则用水冲洗口腔，并给予5毫升/千克，最多200毫升的水进行稀释。/铁及其相关化合物/

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with normal saline during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. /Iron and related compounds/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 解毒与急救

高级治疗：对于无意识的病人，考虑进行口咽或鼻咽气管插管以控制气道。监测心率和必要时治疗心律失常。开始静脉输液，使用乳酸钠林格氏液/生理盐水： "保持开放"，最低流速。注意液体过载的迹象。对于伴有低血容量症状的低血压，谨慎给予液体。注意液体过载的迹象。使用丙美卡因氢氯化物协助眼部冲洗。/铁及其相关化合物/

Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious. Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary ... . Start an IV with lactated Ringer's /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Watch for signs of fluid overload. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Iron and related compounds/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 解毒与急救

保持呼吸道畅通，必要时协助通气。积极使用静脉晶体液治疗由出血性胃肠炎引起的休克，并在需要时输血。由于胃肠道丢失和液体转移到肠壁和间质空间，患者常常出现明显的低血容量。如果出现昏迷、惊厥和代谢性酸中毒，则进行治疗。对于严重中毒的患者（例如，休克、严重酸中毒和/或血清铁> 500-600 mcg/dL），给予去铁胺。监测尿液，以发现特征性的橙红色去铁胺-铁复合物。当尿液恢复正常或血清铁水平降至正常范围时，可以停止治疗。长期使用去铁胺与成人呼吸窘迫综合征和耶尔森菌血症有关。

Maintain an open airway and assist ventilation if necessary. Treat shock caused by hemorrhagic gastrointestinitis aggressively with intravenous crystalloid fluids, and replace blood if needed. Patients are often markedly hypovolemic owing to gastrointestinal losses and third spacing of fluids into the intestinal wall and interstitial space. Treat coma, seizures, and metabolic acidosis if they occur. For seriously intoxicated victims (eg, shock, severe acidosis, and/or serum iron > 500-600 mcg/dL) administer deferoxamine. Monitor the urine for the urine for the characteristic orange or pink deferoxamine-iron complex. Therapy may be stopped when the urine returns to normal or when the serum iron level decreases to the normal range. Prolonged deferoxamine has been associated with adult respiratory distress syndrome and Yersinia sepsis.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

吸收、分配和排泄

铁山梨醇可以直接进入血液，也可以通过淋巴系统吸收。肌肉注射的66%在3小时内被吸收。

Iron sorbitol is absorbed directly into the bloodstream as well as via the lymphatic system. Sixty-six percent of the intramuscular injection is absorbed within 3 hours.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

吸收、分配和排泄

铁山梨醇似乎直接进入血液以及通过淋巴系统吸收。在人体内，血清铁含量迅速上升，在大约2小时后达到峰值；铁从血清中被迅速清除，并且在24-48小时内发生骨髓摄取。

Iron sorbitex appears to be absorbed directly into the blood stream as well as through the lymphatic system. In man, serum iron content rises rapidly, reaching a peak about 2 hr after im administration; the iron is rapidly cleared from the serum, and bone marrow uptake occurs within 24-48 hr.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

吸收、分配和排泄

在12名缺铁性贫血或低色素性贫血患者中，注射了含有70-100毫克铁的1.4-2.0毫升（59）Fe标记的蔗糖醇-柠檬酸铁复合物后...注射部位的放射性消失，10小时后未检测到显著量...。剂量的33%通过尿液排出，不到1%通过粪便排出。

Following im injection of 1.4-2.0 mL (59)Fe-labelled iron sorbitol-citric acid complex containing 70-100 mg iron to 12 human patients with iron deficiency anemia or sideropenia ... disappearance of radioactivity from injection site /occurred, no significant amount/...detected at 10 hr after injection. 33% of dose was excreted in urine and <1% in feces.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

吸收、分配和排泄

24小时内尿液中排出的铁的30%。

30% of the iron excreted in urine in 24 hours.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)