Axial/equatorial proportions for 2-substituted cyclohexanones
摘要:
Axial-equatorial conformational proportions have been measured for 2-substituted cyclohexanones in chloroform by the Eliel method for F, Cl, Br, I, MeO, MeS, Me2N, MeSe, and Me. For the first seven of these, at least five experimentally independent measurables were used and the resulting conformational preferences appear to be accurate to within 10%. Systematic errors degraded the results for MeSe and Me. For Me2N, the conformational preference also was measured for the first time at slow exchange in the low-temperature C-13 spectrum in several solvents. In chloroform, steric and polar effects contribute to the conformational preferences, with steric effects dominant for large groups such as I and MeS.
RhH(PPh3)4, 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane (dppe), and dimethyl disulfide, ketones without α-activating groups were α-methylthiolated with 1,2-diphenyl-2-methylthio-1-ethanone giving α-methylthio ketones. The reaction of unsymmetrical ketones proceeded at the more substituted carbons. The initial formation of kinetic α-methylthiolated products followed by their rearrangement to thermodynamic products was
ophenone giving α-phenylthio-α-methylthio ketones. The methylthio transfer reaction between the ketone α-positions was reversible and at equilibrium, and the methylthio group was transferred in preference to the phenylthio group. The reaction of tertiary alkyl methylthiomethyl ketones proceeded in high yields; the reaction of diastereomeric 4-(tert-butyl)-2-phenylthiocyclohexanones gave an axial 2-methylthiolated