申请人:ELI LILLY AND COMPANY
                            
                            
                                公开号:EP0383472A2
                            
                            
                                公开(公告)日:1990-08-22
                            
                            
Analogs of human insulin modified at position 29 of the B chain thereof and, optionally, at other positions, have modified physico-chemical and pharmacokinetic properties and are useful in the treatment of hyperglycemia. The insulin analogs are of the formula  or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein A21 is alanine, asparagine, aspartic acid, glutamine, glutamic acid, glycine, threonine, or serine; B1 is phenylalanine, aspartic acid, or is absent; B2 is valine or may be absent when B1 is absent; B3 is asparagine or aspartic acid; B9 is serine or aspartic acid; B10 is histidine or aspartic acid; B27 is threonine or is absent; B28 is any amino acid, B29 is L-proline, D-proline, D-hydroxyproline, L-hydroxyproline, L-(N-methyllysine), D-lysine, L-(N-methylarginine) or D-arginine; B30 is alanine, threonine or is absent; Z is -OH, -NH₂, -OCH₃, or -OCH₂CH₃; X is Arg, Arg-Arg, Lys, Lys-Lys, Arg-Lys, Lys-Arg, or is absent; and Y may be present only when X is present and, if present, is Glu or an amino acid sequence which comprises all or a portion of the sequence -Glu-Ala-Glu-Asp-Leu-Gln-Val-Gly-Gln-Val-Glu-Leu-Gly-Gly-Gly-Pro-Gly-Ala-Gly-Ser-Leu-Gln-Pro-Leu-Ala-Leu-Glu-Gly-Ser-Leu-Gln-Lys-Arg- and which begins at the N-terminus Glu of such sequence.  
                            人
胰岛素的类似物在其 B 链的 29 位以及可选的其他位置进行了修饰,具有改良的物理
化学和药代动力学特性,可用于治疗高血糖症。
胰岛素类似物为式或其药学上可接受的盐,其中 A21 是丙
氨酸、天冬酰胺、
天冬氨酸、谷
氨酰胺、谷
氨酸、甘
氨酸、苏
氨酸或
丝氨酸;B1 是苯丙
氨酸、
天冬氨酸或不存在;B2 是缬
氨酸或当 B1 不存在时可能不存在;B3 是天冬酰胺或
天冬氨酸; 
B9 是
丝氨酸或
天冬氨酸; B10 是组
氨酸或
天冬氨酸; B27 是苏
氨酸或不存在; B28 是任何
氨基酸, B29 是 
L-脯氨酸、
D-脯氨酸、D-羟脯
氨酸、L-羟脯
氨酸、L-(N-甲基赖
氨酸)、
D-赖氨酸、L-(N-甲基精
氨酸)或 
D-精氨酸;B30 是丙
氨酸、苏
氨酸或不存在;Z 是 -OH、-NH₂、-OCH₃ 或 -OCH₂CH₃;X 是 Arg、Arg-Arg、Lys、Lys-Lys、Arg-Lys、Lys-Arg 或不存在;Y 仅在 X 存在时才存在,如果存在,则为 Glu 或
氨基酸序列,该序列包括序列 -Glu-Ala-Glu-Asp-Leu-Gln-Val-Gly-Gln-Val-Glu-Leu-Gly-Gly-Gly-Pro-Gly-Ala-Gly-Ser-Leu-Gln-Pro-Leu-Ala-Leu-Glu-Gly-Ser-Leu-Gln-Lys-Arg- 的全部或部分,且从该序列的 N 端 Glu 开始。