The pharmacokinetics of chlorendic anhydride was evaluated in 4 male and 8 female Holzman's albino rats that ingested 14C-chlorendic anhydride via gavage in a single dose of 3.65 (Group 1: 2 females), 4.00 (Group 2: 4 females), 5.55 (Group 3: 2 females) or 3.62 mg/kg (Group 4: 4 males). Blood was drawn from females treated with 4 mg/kg at 1, 4, 8, 17, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hr after dosing. Urine and feces were collected daily in the Group 1, 3 and 4 rats. Animals were sacrificed 17, 96, 192 and 192 hr, respectively, after treatment, and selected tissues were excised. Regardless of sex, the primary route of excretion was the feces, 70% of the administered dose being eliminated within the first 72 hr. Only 10% of the administered dose was eliminated in the urine. After 192 hr, the maximum residues present in any tissue were <0.1 mg/kg, with the exception of the fat (0.121 mg/kg) and liver (0.296 mg/kg). The blood concentration of chlorendic anhydride peaked 1 hr after dosing and was significantly decreased by 96 hr. The absorption of chlorendic anhydride followed the two-compartment open model. The first compartment was suggested to consist of the blood and selected tissues which equilibrated rapidly, while the second compartment consisted of the fat which was slow in equilibrating and considered a deep reservoir.
[EN] OXIME ESTER PHOTOINITIATORS<br/>[FR] PHOTO-INITIATEURS À BASE D'ESTER D'OXIME
申请人:BASF SE
公开号:WO2021175855A1
公开(公告)日:2021-09-10
Disclosed are α-oxo oxime ester compounds based on carbazole derivatives which have specific substituent groups useful as a photoinitiator, as well as photopolymerizable compositions comprising said photoinitiator and ethylenically unsaturated compounds. The photopolymerizable compositions are useful, for example, in photoresist formulations for display applications, e.g. liquid crystal display (LCD), organic light emitting diode (OLED) and touch panel.
PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF NITRO COMPOUNDS AND METHOD FOR THE REMOVAL OF NITROGEN DIOXIDE
申请人:Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd.
公开号:EP1099684A1
公开(公告)日:2001-05-16
In the invented process for producing a nitro compound, an organic substrate and nitrogen dioxide are reacted in the presence of oxygen or are reacted in a molar ratio of nitrogen dioxide to the organic substrate of less than 1 to yield a corresponding nitro compound. The reaction may be performed in the presence of N-hydroxyphthalimide or other imide compounds. Such organic substrates include (a) aliphatic hydrocarbons, (b) alicyclic hydrocarbons, (c) non-aromatic heterocyclic compounds each having a carbon atom on a ring, which carbon atom is bonded to a hydrogen atom, (d) compounds each having a carbon-hydrogen bond at the adjacent position to an aromatic ring, and (e) compounds each having a carbon-hydrogen bond at the adjacent position to a carbonyl group. This process can efficiently nitrate an organic substrate even under relatively mild conditions.
Compounds of the formulae (I) or (II)
wherein
X is
A is O, S, NR
5
or CR
16
R
17
;
R
1
is for example hydrogen or C
1
-C
20
alkyl
R
2
is for example hydrogen, C
1
-C
20
alkyl or C
6
-C
20
aryl
R
5
for example is C
1
-C
20
alkyl;
R
7
, R
8
, R
9
, R
10
and R
11
for example independently of each other are hydrogen. C
1
-C
20
alkyl, halogen, CN or NO
2
;
Ar
1
is for example unsubstituted or substituted C
6
-C
20
aryl, C
3
-C
20
heteroaryl, C
6
-C
20
aroyl, C
3
-C
20
heteroarylcarbonyl or
or Ar
1
is
Ar
2
is for example phenylene,
all of which are unsubstituted or substituted
M is for example unsubstituted or substituted C
1
-C
20
alkylene
Y is a direct bond, O, S, NR
5
or CO;
Z
1
is for example O or S; Z
2
is a direct bond, O, S or NR
5
; and
Q is CO or a direct bond.
公式(I)或(II)的化合物
其中
X是
A是O, S, NR
5
或CR
16
R
17
;
R
1
例如是氢或C
1
-C
20
烷基
R
2
例如是氢, C
1
-C
20
烷基或C
6
-C
20
芳基
R
5
例如是C
1
-C
20
烷基;
R
7
, R
8
, R
9
, R
10
和R
11
例如彼此独立是氢. C
1
-C
20
烷基, 卤素, CN或NO
2
;
Ar
1
例如是不取代或取代的C
6
-C
20
芳基, C
3
-C
20
杂芳基, C
6
-C
20
芳酰基, C
3
-C
20
杂芳基甲酰基或
或Ar
1
是
Ar
2
例如是苯基,
所有这些都不取代或取代
M例如是不取代或取代的C
1
-C
20
亚烷基
Y是直接键, O, S, NR
5
或CO;
Z
1
例如是O或S; Z
2
是直接键, O, S或NR
5
; 和
Q是CO或直接键。
Organosilicon quaternary ammonium compounds, their formulations, including powdered and solid formulations, and methods of use to treat infections in humans and animals.
有机硅季铵化合物,它们的配方,包括粉末和固体配方,以及用于治疗人类和动物感染的方法。
[EN] OXIME ESTER PHOTOINITIATORS<br/>[FR] PHOTOAMORCEURS À BASE D'ESTER D'OXIME
申请人:BASF SE
公开号:WO2015036910A1
公开(公告)日:2015-03-19
Disclosed are oxime ester compounds which have specific benzo (unsaturated 5-membered ring)-carbonyl group and their use as photoinitiators in photopolymerizable compositions, in particular in photoresist formulations for display applications, e.g. liquid crystal display (LCD), organic light emitting diode (OLED) and touch panel.