Diethyl 3,6-dihydro-2,4-dimethyl-2,6-methano-1,3-benzothiazocine-5,11-dicarboxylates as calcium entry antagonists: new conformationally restrained analogs of Hantzsch 1,4-dihydropyridines related to nitrendipine as probes for receptor-site conformation
摘要:
The pharmacological activity of rigid analogues of 1,4-dihydropyridine calcium entry antagonists 9-16 is demonstrated by dose-dependent inhibition of the calcium contraction in depolarized rat aortic strips and by a [3H]nitrendipine binding assay in using cardiac sarcolemmal membranes. From the results, a model is proposed as the receptor-bound conformation of the dihydropyridine calcium entry antagonists.
A method for producing a 1,2-benzisothiazol-3-one, having the steps of carrying out a reaction of a 2-(alkylthio)benzaldehyde with a hydroxylamine to give a 2-(alkylthio)benzaldehyde oxime and carrying out a reaction of the 2-(alkylthio)benzaldehyde oxime with a halogenating agent; and a method for producing a 1,2-benzisothiazol-3-one, having the steps of carrying out a reaction of a 2-halobenzonitrile with an alkanethiol in a heterogeneous solvent system in the presence of a base to give a 2-(alkylthio)benzonitrile and carrying out a reaction of the 2-(alkylthio)benzonitrile with an halogenating agent in the presence of water.
Calcium Entry Blockers and Activators: Conformational and Structural Determinants of Dihydropyrimidine Calcium Channel Modulators
作者:George C. Rovnyak、S. David Kimball、Barbara Beyer、Gabriella Cucinotta、John D. DiMarco、Jack Gougoutas、Anders Hedberg、Mary Malley、James P. McCarthy
DOI:10.1021/jm00001a017
日期:1995.1
Dihydropyrimidines 4, 6, and 15, uniquely designed to unambiguously establish structural and conformational determinants for DHP receptor occupation and for modulation of calcium channel function, were prepared and examined for calcium channel modulation. Our results confirm and firmly establish a preference for syn-orientation of an unsymmetrically substituted aryl moiety at the DHP receptor (15d vs 15e). We propose a normal vs capsized DHP boat model to explain structural and conformational requirements for modulation of calcium channel function that requires an obligatory left-hand side alkoxy cis-carbonyl interaction for maximal DHP receptor affinity, the effect on channel function being determined by orientation of the 4-aryl group. Enantiomers having an up-oriented pseudoaxial aryl group (normal DHP boat) will elicit calcium antagonist activity, whereas enantiomers having a down-oriented pseudoaxial aryl group (capsized DHP boat) will elicit calcium agonist activity. Single enantiomers of macrocyclic lactone 15b demonstrate opposite channel activity. Antagonist activity resides in enantiomer 15b-A (S-configuration, left-hand side alkoxy cis-carbonyl with up-oriented pseudoaxial aryl group and normal DHP boat), whereas agonist activity resides in enantiomer 15b-B (R-configuration, left-hand side alkoxy cis-carbonyl with down-oriented pseudoaxial aryl group and capsized DHP boat). Moreover, this model is consistent with and provides a rational explanation of previous literature in this area, most notably the observation of chiral inversion and potency diminution upon replacement of ester by hydrogen in the Bay K 8644 series.
BALDWIN J. J.; CLAREMON D. A.; LUMMA P. K.; MCCLURE D. E.; ROSENTHAL S. A+, J. MED. CHEM., 30,(1987) N 4, 690-695
作者:BALDWIN J. J.、 CLAREMON D. A.、 LUMMA P. K.、 MCCLURE D. E.、 ROSENTHAL S. A+