To develop a potent and specific collagenas inhibitor, a series of tetrapheptidyl hydroxamic acids were synthesized, based on the previous findings with tripeptidyl derivatives (Chem. Pharm. Bull., 38, 1007-1011, 1990). Among the series of tetrapeptidyl derivatives synthesized, R-Gly-Pro-Leu-Ala-NHOH and R-Gly-Pro-D-Leu-D-Ala-NHOH were found to be highly specific and potent inhibitors against vertebrate collagenase with an IC50 of 10-6M order, where R stands for Boc or acyl group. Analysis of their structure-activity relationships showed a characteristic feature of the substrate-binding site of collagenase as follows : 1) the S1 subsite forms a shallow hydrophobic pocket, although glycine residue corresponds to the subsite of the natural collagen substrate : 2) the S2 substite constitutes a bulky pocket with less requirement for hydrophobicity : 3) the S3 subsitte preferentially accommodates Pro residue : and 4) the accommodation of the P4-P1 substites of peptidyl collagenase inhibitor to the S4-S1 substites is required to form a tight binding of its hydroxamic acid moiety to the zinc ion at the catalytic site of the enzyme. The introduction of an enantiometric dipeptide unit, D-Leu-D-Ala, to the P2-P1 subsites demonstrated an increased binding capacity to the extended S4-S1 subsites of collagenase, thus providing proteinase-resistant inhibitor.
为了开发一种有效且特异性强的
胶原酶抑制剂,研究人员合成了一系列四肽
羟胺酸,这基于之前关于三肽衍
生物的研究结果(Chem. Pharm. Bull., 38, 1007-1011, 1990)。在合成的四肽衍
生物系列中,R-Gly-Pro-Leu-Ala-NHOH 和 R-Gly-Pro-D-Leu-D-Ala-NHOH 被发现对脊椎动物
胶原酶具有高度特异性和有效抑制作用,IC50 约为10^-6M,其中 R 代表 Boc 或酰基。对其结构-活性关系的分析显示了
胶原酶底物结合位点的几个特征:1)S1 亚位点形成一个浅的疏
水口袋,虽然甘
氨酸残基对应于天然胶原底物的亚位点;2)S2 亚位点形成一个体积较大的口袋,对疏
水性的需求较低;3)S3 亚位点优先容纳脯
氨酸残基;4)肽类
胶原酶抑制剂的 P4-P1 亚位点与 S4-S1 亚位点的结合是形成其
羟胺酸基团与酶催化位点的
锌离子紧密结合所必需的。将一个对映体二肽单元 D-Leu-D-Ala 引入到 P2-P1 亚位点中,显示出与
胶原酶扩展的 S4-S1 亚位点的结合能力增加,从而提供了耐
蛋白酶的
抑制剂。