Saegusa Oxidation of Enol Ethers at Extremely Low Pd-Catalyst Loadings under Ligand-free and Aqueous Conditions: Insight into the Pd(II)/Cu(II)-Catalyst System
作者:Quan Zhu、Yunsong Luo、Yongyan Guo、Yushun Zhang、Yunhai Tao
DOI:10.1021/acs.joc.0c02987
日期:2021.4.16
system of Saegusa oxidation, which converts enolethers to the corresponding enals with a number of diverse substrates at extremely low catalyst loadings (500 mol ppm) under ligand-free and aqueous conditions, is described. Its synthetic utility was demonstrated by large-scale applications of the catalyst system to important nature molecules. This work allows Saegusa oxidation to become a highly practical
Compounds of formula (I) which exhibit excellent immune suppression activity, pharmacologically acceptable salts thereof, esters thereof or other derivatives:
1
wherein R
1
and R
2
are a hydrogen atom, an amino protecting group; R
3
is a hydrogen atom, a hydroxy protecting group; R
4
is a lower alkyl group; n is an integer from 1 to 6; X is an ethylene group; Y is a C
1
-C
10
alkylene group, a C
1
-C
10
alkylene group substituted with 1 to 3 substituents selected from substituent group a and b; R
5
is an aryl group; R
6
and R
7
are a hydrogen atom, a group selected from substituent group a; with the proviso when R
5
is a hydrogen atom, Y is not a single bond or a straight chain C
1
-C
10
alkylene group.
Amino alcohol derivatives or phosphonic acid derivatives and pharmaceutical compositions containing these
申请人:Nishi Takahide
公开号:US20050043386A1
公开(公告)日:2005-02-24
Amino alcohol compounds and phosphonic acid compounds having excellent immunosuppressive activity, pharmacologically acceptable salts thereof and pharmacologically acceptable esters thereof, and pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds, the compounds having the following formula:
wherein R
1
and R
2
each represent hydrogen, or a protecting group of the amino group; R
3
represents hydrogen, or a protecting group of the hydroxyl group; R
4
represents a lower alkyl group; n is 1 to 6; X represents oxygen or nitrogen, which is unsubstituted or substituted with a lower alkyl group; Y represents ethylene; Z represents a C
1
-C
10
alkylene; R
5
represents an aryl group; and R
6
and R
7
each represents hydrogen; provided that when R
5
represents hydrogen, then Z represents a group other than a single bond or a straight chain C
1
-C
10
alkylene group.
A method for the preventing a disease selected from the group consisting of rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis in a mammal, such as a human, in need thereof, which includes administering to the mammal a pharmaceutically effective amount of a compound of formula (Ia)
wherein R
1
and R
2
are each hydrogen; R
3
is hydrogen; R
4
is C
1
-C
2
alkyl; n is 2; X is=N-D, wherein D is hydrogen, C
1
-C
4
alkyl or phenyl; Y is ethylene, ethynylene, —CO—CH
2
or phenylene; Z is ethylene or trimethylene; R
5
is an unsubstituted C
3
-C
10
cycloalkyl, an unsubstituted C
6
-C
10
aryl, or a C
3
-C
10
cycloalkyl or C
6
-C
10
aryl substituted with 1 to 3 substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, lower alkyl, halogeno lower alkyl and lower alkoxy; and R
6
and R
7
are each hydrogen.
A method for treating an immunology-related disease. The method involves administering to a mammal in need thereof a pharmaceutically effective amount of an amino acid compound, a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof or a pharmacologically acceptable ester thereof. The compound has the following formula:
, wherein R
1
and R
2
are each hydrogen; R
3
is hydrogen; R
4
is C
1
-C
2
alkyl; n is 2; X is ═N-D, wherein D is hydrogen, C
1
-C
4
alkyl or phenyl; Y is ethylene, ethynylene, —CO—CH
2
or phenylene; Z is ethylene or trimethylene; R
5
is unsubstituted C
3
-C
10
cycloalkyl, unsubstituted C
3
-C
10
aryl, or C
3
-C
10
cycloalkyl or C
6
-C
10
aryl substituted with 1 to 3 substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, lower alkyl, halogeno lower alkyl and lower alkoxy; and R
6
and R
7
are each hydrogen.