diameter of about 70 A is observed on the Pd(nano)/HT surface by transmission electron microscopy analysis. These hydrotalcite-supported metal catalysts can effectively promote alpha-alkylation reactions of various nitriles with primary alcohols or carbonylcompounds through tandem reactions consisting of metal-catalyzed oxidation and reduction, and an aldol reaction promoted by the base sites of the
Mild and Practical Method for the α-Arylation of Nitriles with Heteroaryl Halides
作者:Artis Klapars、Jacob H. Waldman、Kevin R. Campos、Mark S. Jensen、Mark McLaughlin、John Y. L. Chung、Raymond J. Cvetovich、Cheng-yi Chen
DOI:10.1021/jo051737f
日期:2005.11.1
aliphatic nitriles with activated heteroaryl halides was developed using NaHMDS or KHMDS as base at ambient temperature. The key to the success of this method is generation of the nitrileanion in the presence of the heteroaryl halide. The method is applicable to both primary and secondary carbonitriles and a wide range of heteroaryl halides. Selective monoarylation was observed with primary carbonitriles
The palladium(0)-catalyzed condensation of aryl halides with the sodium salts of phenylsulfonylacetonitrile and diethyl cyanomethylphonate in dimethoxyethane gave the corresponding α-phenylsulfonylareneacetonitriles and diethyl arylcyanomethylphosphonates in good yields.The α-phenylsulfonylareneacetonitriles were easily desulfonylated with zinc to give the areneacetonitriles, and the arylcyanomethylphonates were converted to the alkylideneareneacetonitriles by means of the Horner-Emmons reaction.
primary alcohols. Notably, using ethanol and methanol as alkylating reagents, challenging ethylation and methylation of arylmethyl nitriles were performed. Secondary alcohols do not undergo alkylation reactions. Thus, phenylacetonitrile was chemoselectively alkylated using primary alcohols in the presence of secondary alcohols. Diols provided a mixture of products. When deuterium-labeled alcohol was used
Coordination‐Controlled Nickel‐Catalyzed Benzylic Allylation of Unactivated Electron‐Deficient Heterocycles
作者:Pengpeng Zhang、Jin Wang、Zoe R. Robertson、Timothy R. Newhouse
DOI:10.1002/anie.202200602
日期:2022.5.23
A nickel-catalyzed benzylic allylation and benzylation of 14 types of unactivated heterocyclic aromatic compounds is described. The selective deprotonation of benzylic sites is hypothesized to be controlled by the original coordination of a heterocyclic nitrogen to Zn(TMP)2. In addition to the pro-nucleophiles, readily available bromide and chloride electrophiles could be used.