4,4',5,5'-tetrachloro-2,2'-bi-1H-imidazole | 170461-01-5

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机杂环化合物 - 唑类
• 英文名称: 4,4',5,5'-tetrachloro-2,2'-bi-1H-imidazole
• 英文别名: 4,4',5,5'-tetrachloro-2,2'-biimidazole；4,5,4',5'-tetrachloro-1H,1'H-[2,2']biimidazolyl；4,5,4',5'-Tetrachlor-1H,1'H-[2,2']biimidazolyl；4,5-dichloro-2-(4,5-dichloro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-1H-imidazole
• CAS: 170461-01-5
• 化学式: C₆H₂Cl₄N₄
• 分子量: 271.921
• InChiKey: VAXYXIBQSPDPRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  3.7
• 重原子数：
  14
• 可旋转键数：
  1
• 环数：
  2.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.0
• 拓扑面积：
  57.4
• 氢给体数：
  2
• 氢受体数：
  2

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  二正辛胺 、 4,4',5,5'-tetrachloro-2,2'-bi-1H-imidazole 反应 0.25h， 生成 2-[4,5-bis(dioctylamino)-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-4-N,4-N,5-N,5-N-tetraoctyl-1H-imidazole-4,5-diamine
  参考文献：
  名称：

  The redox behaviour of cyclic tetraaminoethenes derived from 2,2′-biimidazole

  摘要：

  Syntheses and redox chemistry of the nearly unknown 4,4',5,5'-tetraamino derivatives of 2,2'-biimidazole are studied. These cyclic versions of electron-rich ethenes are only stable under strictly anaerobic conditions. In the presence of oxygen, a fast oxidation reaction occurs to form stable, deeply Coloured tetraazafulvalenes. Leuco-forms, however, can be stabilized towards air by acylation reactions. This accounts for the hexa-Boc derivative 6. Based on these findings, we present the first synthesis of tetraazafulvalenes, which possess four peripheric secondary amine functions. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  DOI：

  10.1016/j.tetlet.2005.09.076
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  联咪唑 在 sodium acetate 、 氯 、 溶剂黄146 作用下， 生成 4,4',5,5'-tetrachloro-2,2'-bi-1H-imidazole
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Influence of Fat-Free Mass and Functional Status on Resting Energy Expenditure in Underweight Elders

  摘要：

  Background. In underweight elders, resting energy expenditure (REE) and its relationship with fat-tree mass (FFM) could be modified by sarcopenia. physical activity, and functional limitation. The aims Of this study were to investigate REE and its relationship with quantity and metabolic activity of FFM and to evaluate the influence of functional status oil REE ill underweight elderly subjects.Methods. Forty-eight underweight elders (BMI < 20) and 54 normal Weight elderly subjects (BMI 20-30) as a control group were selected. Body composition was determined by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). REE was measured by indirect calorimetry. Ability in activities of daily living, (ADLs) was assessed by the Katz index.Results. Underweight elders had significantly lower FFM. FFM index (FFM/height(2)), and REE than healthy Subject. REE adjusted for FFM with analysis of covariance remained significantly lower in the underweight group (1287 +/- 85 vs 1715 +/- 139 kcal/day in men, and 1124 +/- 63 vs 1366 +/- 91 kcal/day in women). Katz index in the underweight group was inverselv correlitted with REE (r = -0.68: p < .001) cven ittfei removid of FFNI. IFNI, and gender, by multiple regression analysis. In this model, FFM and Katz index together explained approximately 54% of REE variability.Conclusions. Underweight elderly subjects show it hypometabolism due to a reduction of both FFM quantity and its metabolic activity. Functional status in ADLs comes out its an important predictor of REE independently from FFM. The limited physical activity might be the underlying determinant of this hypometabolism, but further investigations are necessary to confirm this issue.

  DOI：

  10.1093/gerona/57.5.m302

文献信息

• Diversifying Amino Acids and Peptides via Deaminative Reductive Cross-Couplings Leveraging High-Throughput Experimentation
  作者：J. Cameron Twitty、Yun Hong、Bria Garcia、Stephanie Tsang、Jennie Liao、Danielle M. Schultz、Jennifer Hanisak、Susan L. Zultanski、Amelie Dion、Dipannita Kalyani、Mary P. Watson

  DOI：10.1021/jacs.2c11451

  日期：2023.3.15

  A deaminative reductive coupling of amino acid pyridinium salts with aryl bromides has been developed to enable efficient synthesis of noncanonical amino acids and diversification of peptides. This method transforms natural, commercially available lysine, ornithine, diaminobutanoic acid, and diaminopropanoic acid to aryl alanines and homologated derivatives with varying chain lengths. Attractive features

  已经开发出氨基酸吡啶鎓盐与芳基溴的脱氨基还原偶联，以实现非规范氨基酸的有效合成和肽的多样化。该方法将天然的市售赖氨酸、鸟氨酸、二氨基丁酸和二氨基丙酸转化为芳基丙氨酸和具有不同链长的同系衍生物。有吸引力的特性包括横向扩展的能力、对药物相关（杂）芳基和双正交官能团的耐受性，以及超越单体氨基酸对短肽和大环肽底物的适用性。这项工作的成功依赖于高通量实验来确定互补反应条件，这些条件被证明对于实现广泛的芳基溴与一系列氨基酸和肽底物（包括大环肽）的偶联至关重要。
• Tetrahalotetraazafulvalenes ? New strong electron acceptors
  作者：S. G. Dedik、V. D. Orlov、A. S. �dzhinya、V. Yu. Khodorkovskii、O. Ya. Neiland

  DOI：10.1007/bf00470704

  日期：1989.10
• Influence of Fat-Free Mass and Functional Status on Resting Energy Expenditure in Underweight Elders
  作者：G. Sergi、A. Coin、M. Bussolotto、P. Beninca、G. Tomasi、C. Pisent、S. Peruzza、E. M. Inelmen、G. Enzi

  DOI：10.1093/gerona/57.5.m302

  日期：2002.5.1

  Background. In underweight elders, resting energy expenditure (REE) and its relationship with fat-tree mass (FFM) could be modified by sarcopenia. physical activity, and functional limitation. The aims Of this study were to investigate REE and its relationship with quantity and metabolic activity of FFM and to evaluate the influence of functional status oil REE ill underweight elderly subjects.Methods. Forty-eight underweight elders (BMI < 20) and 54 normal Weight elderly subjects (BMI 20-30) as a control group were selected. Body composition was determined by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). REE was measured by indirect calorimetry. Ability in activities of daily living, (ADLs) was assessed by the Katz index.Results. Underweight elders had significantly lower FFM. FFM index (FFM/height(2)), and REE than healthy Subject. REE adjusted for FFM with analysis of covariance remained significantly lower in the underweight group (1287 +/- 85 vs 1715 +/- 139 kcal/day in men, and 1124 +/- 63 vs 1366 +/- 91 kcal/day in women). Katz index in the underweight group was inverselv correlitted with REE (r = -0.68: p < .001) cven ittfei removid of FFNI. IFNI, and gender, by multiple regression analysis. In this model, FFM and Katz index together explained approximately 54% of REE variability.Conclusions. Underweight elderly subjects show it hypometabolism due to a reduction of both FFM quantity and its metabolic activity. Functional status in ADLs comes out its an important predictor of REE independently from FFM. The limited physical activity might be the underlying determinant of this hypometabolism, but further investigations are necessary to confirm this issue.
• The redox behaviour of cyclic tetraaminoethenes derived from 2,2′-biimidazole
  作者：M. Matschke、C. Käpplinger、D. Weiß、R. Beckert

  DOI：10.1016/j.tetlet.2005.09.076

  日期：2005.11

  Syntheses and redox chemistry of the nearly unknown 4,4',5,5'-tetraamino derivatives of 2,2'-biimidazole are studied. These cyclic versions of electron-rich ethenes are only stable under strictly anaerobic conditions. In the presence of oxygen, a fast oxidation reaction occurs to form stable, deeply Coloured tetraazafulvalenes. Leuco-forms, however, can be stabilized towards air by acylation reactions. This accounts for the hexa-Boc derivative 6. Based on these findings, we present the first synthesis of tetraazafulvalenes, which possess four peripheric secondary amine functions. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.