Toward Highly Potent Cancer Agents by Modulating the C-2 Group of the Arylthioindole Class of Tubulin Polymerization Inhibitors
摘要:
New arylthioindole derivatives having different cyclic substituents at position 2 of the indole were synthesized as anticancer agents. Several compounds inhibited tubulin polymerization at submicromolar concentration and inhibited cell growth at low nanomolar concentrations. Compounds 18 and 57 were superior to the previously synthesized S. Compound 18 was exceptionally potent as an inhibitor of cell growth: it showed IC50 = 1.0 nM in MCF-7 cells, and it was uniformly active in the whole panel of cancer cells and superior to colchicine and combretastatin A-4. Compounds 18, 20, 55, and 57 were notably more potent than vinorelbine, vinblastine, and paclitaxel in the NCl/ADR-RES and Messa/Dx5 cell lines, which overexpress P-glycoprotein. Compounds 18 and 57 showed initial vascular disrupting effects in a tumor model of liver rhabdomyosarcomas at 15 mg/kg intravenous dosage. Derivative 18 showed water solubility and higher metabolic stability than 5 in human liver microsomes.
Mild and Efficient Palladium-Catalyzed Direct Trifluoroethylation of Aromatic Systems by C−H Activation
作者:Balázs L. Tóth、Szabolcs Kovács、Gergő Sályi、Zoltán Novák
DOI:10.1002/anie.201510555
日期:2016.2.5
With the utilization of a highly active trifluoroethyl(mesityl)iodonium salt, the developed catalytic method enables the first highlyefficient and selective trifluoroethylation of aromaticcompounds. The robust catalytic procedure provides the desired products in up to 95 % yield at 25 °C in 1.5 to 3 hours and tolerates a broad range of functional groups. The utilization of hypervalent reagents opens
Green alternative solvents for the copper-catalysed arylation of phenols and amides
作者:Carlo Sambiagio、Rachel H. Munday、A. John Blacker、Stephen P. Marsden、Patrick C. McGowan
DOI:10.1039/c6ra02265k
日期:——
for the Cu-catalysed arylation of phenols and amides is reported. Alkyl acetates proved to be efficient solvents in the catalytic processes, and therefore excellent alternatives to the typical non-green solvents used for Cu-catalysed arylationreactions. Solvents such as isosorbide dimethyl ether (DMI) and diethyl carbonate also appear to be viable possibilities for the arylation of phenols. Finally
Iron‐Catalyzed Oxidative Coupling Reaction of Isocyanides and Simple Alkanes towards Amide Synthesis
作者:Hongdong Yuan、Zhiqiang Liu、Yushu Shen、Hongbin Zhao、Chunju Li、Xueshun Jia、Jian Li
DOI:10.1002/adsc.201801619
日期:2019.4.23
An iron‐catalyzed oxidative coupling reaction of isocyanide and readily available alkane has been disclosed. In the presence of a catalytic amount of FeCp2 (10 mol%), heating a mixture of alkane, isocyanide, and DTBP in DCE allows for the formation of an amide. This reaction tolerates many simple alkanes including cycloalkanes and chain alkanes. Furthermore, a series of aromatic isocyanides having
chromium-catalyzed activation of acyl C–O bonds with magnesium for amidation of esters with nitroarenes. Low-cost chromium(III) chloride shows high reactivity in promoting amidation by using magnesium as reductant and chlorotrimethylsilane as additive. It provides a step-economic strategy to the synthesis of centrally important amide motifs using inexpensive and air-stable nitroarenes as amino sources.