Synthesis and Evaluation of a Paclitaxel-Binding Tripeptide Micelle for Lung Cancer Therapy
作者:Jie Gao、Yijiang Jia、Taledaohan Ayijiang、Tuohan MarMar、Xi Hu、Li Li、Yuanming Li、Yuji Wang
DOI:10.1248/cpb.c22-00178
日期:2022.11.1
A C10CO-NalLeuVal (C10NLV) tripeptide was synthesized and explored as a carrier for paclitaxel (TAX) delivery. Five types of TAX-loaded micelles were produced by loading TAX with different doses of C10NLV. 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay showed that TAX-loaded micelles dramatically reduced TAX IC50 values of TAX-resistant A549 (A549/TAX) and Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) cells in a C10NLV-dose-dependent manner, with micelles 4 and 5 exhibited comparable inhibitory effects on A549/TAX proliferation. Flow cytometry analysis showed that TAX-loaded micelles 4 promoted lung cancer cell apoptosis in a TAX-dose-dependent manner. Immunofluorescent staining and Western blotting revealed that TAX-loaded micelles 4 dramatically reduced the protein levels of F-actin, p53, Bcl-2, and LC3A/B in A549/TAX cells. Wound healing, cell adhesion, migration, and invasion assays demonstrated that TAX-loaded micelles 4 suppressed the metastatic abilities of lung cancer cells. Furthermore, compared with the same dose of free TAX, TAX-loaded micelles 4 significantly reduced the volumes and weights of A549/TAX-generated tumors as well as the numbers of LLC-generated pulmonary metastatic foci in mice, without affecting the organ/body weight ratios, body weights, and blood cell counts. Histological analysis demonstrated that TAX-loaded micelles 4 administration resulted in tubulin and CD206 downregulation as well as cytoplasm disappearance and nuclear shrinkage in xenograft tumors. These data suggest that TAX-loaded micelles 4 inhibits the proliferative and metastatic capacity of lung cancer cells, despite TAX resistance. TAX-loaded micelles 4 suppresses lung tumor growth and metastasis in vivo without inducing systemic toxicity. Thus, the C10NLV-based TAX delivery is effective and safe to combat TAX resistance and metastasis in lung cancer.
研究人员合成了一种C10CO-NalLeuVal(C10NLV)三肽,并探索将其作为紫杉醇(TAX)的载体。通过在 TAX 中加入不同剂量的 C10NLV,产生了五种 TAX 负载胶束。3-(4,5-二甲基噻唑-2-基)-2, 5-二苯基溴化四唑鎓(MTT)测定显示,TAX负载胶束以C10NLV剂量依赖性方式显著降低了TAX耐药A549(A549/TAX)和Lewis肺癌(LLC)细胞的TAX IC50值,其中胶束4和胶束5对A549/TAX增殖的抑制作用相当。流式细胞仪分析表明,TAX负载胶束4能以TAX剂量依赖性方式促进肺癌细胞凋亡。免疫荧光染色和 Western 印迹显示,TAX-负载胶束 4 显著降低了 A549/TAX 细胞中 F-肌动蛋白、p53、Bcl-2 和 LC3A/B 的蛋白水平。伤口愈合、细胞粘附、迁移和侵袭试验表明,负载TAX的胶束4抑制了肺癌细胞的转移能力。此外,与相同剂量的游离TAX相比,负载TAX的胶束4能显著减少小鼠体内A549/TAX产生的肿瘤体积和重量,以及LLC产生的肺转移灶数量,而不影响器官/体重比、体重和血细胞计数。组织学分析表明,TAX胶束4给药后,异种移植肿瘤中的小管蛋白和CD206下调,细胞质消失,细胞核缩小。这些数据表明,尽管TAX耐药,但TAX负载胶束4仍能抑制肺癌细胞的增殖和转移能力。负载 TAX 的胶束 4 可抑制肺癌细胞在体内的生长和转移,而不会引起全身毒性。因此,基于C10NLV的TAX递送技术能有效、安全地对抗肺癌的TAX耐药性和转移。