of unactivated alkyl chlorides with tethered alkenes. The cleavage of strong C(sp3)−Cl bonds is mediated by a highly nucleophilic low‐valent cobalt or nickel intermediate generated by visible‐light photoredox reduction employing a copper photosensitizer. The high basicity and multidentate nature of the ligands are key to obtaining efficient metal catalysts for the functionalization of unactivated alkyl
Palladium-Catalyzed Negishi Cross-Coupling Reactions of Unactivated Alkyl Iodides, Bromides, Chlorides, and Tosylates
作者:Jianrong Zhou、Gregory C. Fu
DOI:10.1021/ja0363258
日期:2003.10.1
A single method (2% Pd(2)(dba)(3)/8% PCyp(3)/NMI in THF/NMP at 80 degrees C; Cyp = cyclopentyl) achieves the cross-coupling of a range of beta-hydrogen-containing primary alkyliodides, bromides, chlorides, and tosylates with an array of alkyl-, alkenyl-, and arylzinc halides. The process is compatible with a variety of functional groups, including esters, amides, imides, nitriles, and heterocycles
Long‐ing alkyl chain: The catalytic direct CH alkylation of azoles with unactivatedalkyl bromides and chlorides is described. A palladium catalyst enables the alkylation of oxazoles, whereas a nickel one shows unique activity for thiazole. The catalyses allow a straightforward access to azole motifs bearing long, functional alkyl side chains.
Alkylboronic Esters from Palladium- and Nickel-Catalyzed Borylation of Primary and Secondary Alkyl Bromides
作者:Jun Yi、Jin-Hui Liu、Jun Liang、Jian-Jun Dai、Chu-Ting Yang、Yao Fu、Lei Liu
DOI:10.1002/adsc.201200136
日期:2012.6.18
Palladium‐ and nickel‐catalyzed cross‐coupling recations of unactivated alkyl bromides with diboron reagents have been developed as practical methods for the synthesis of primary and secondaryalkylboronic esters. These reactions extend the concept and utility of Pd‐ and Ni‐catalyzed cross‐coupling of aliphatic electrophiles. They also show different substrate selectivity and ligand dependence as compared
Highly Regio- and Stereoselective Synthesis of Multialkylated Olefins through Carbozirconation of Alkynylboronates and Sequential Negishi and Suzuki-Miyaura Coupling Reactions
Two Nobel couplings: The synthesis of tri‐ and tetraalkylated olefins has been achieved (see scheme). These multialkylated olefins were prepared by the zirconocene‐mediated carbometalation of 1‐alkynylboronates and subsequent sequentialCC bond formation with Negishi and Suzuki–Miyaura cross‐coupling reactions using β‐hydrogen‐containing alkylzinc reagents and alkyl electrophiles as coupling partners